July 1962
July 1, 1962
President Kennedy continued his state visit to Mexico yesterday. An agreement was signed for a $20,000,000 agricultural loan to Mexico and an interim solution was reached on the problem of contamination of Mexican farm land by salty Colorado River water. (1:8; Text, page 2)
To observers it appeared as more of a fiesta than a state visit. Mr. Kennedy was clearly touched by the extraordinary welcome. (1:6-7)
On the eve of Algeria's independence referendum, the Moslem nationalists' provisional government dismissed the general staff of its army and denounced the "criminal activity of the staff's three members. (1:4)
At the stroke of midnight, independence came to Rwanda and Burundi (formerly Rwanda-Urundi), two of the smallest, poorest and least-known territories in Africa. For the last sixteen years they had been administered by Belgium. (18:4)
The South Vietnamese Government charged that Communist China had supplied new bazookas, recoiless rifles and ammunition to the Vietcong guerrillas. Saigon demanded action by the International Control Commission against these "flagrant violations" of the Geneva accord on Indochina. (1:7)
The Federal Government ended its fiscal year with a budget deficit of some 7,000,000,000 -- about what President Kennedy had expected. (1:1)
Dr. Robert Soblen, the convicted wartime spy for the Soviet Union, was reported to be en route to New York after having been expelled from Israel for illegal entry. (1:5)
Mexican children enthrall Mrs. Kennedy. (pg. 3)
A.E.C. vacancies pose problem for Kennedy. (Pg. 36)
22 deplore copyrighting of U. S. documents. (Pg. 56)
July 2, 1962
Heavily veiled Moslem women, victorious Algerian soldiers and resigned Europeans stood for hours in the hot North African sun yesterday to vote an end to 132 years of French rule in Algeria. (10:4)
The referendum on Algerian independence in cooperation with France was generally peaceful, despite some tense moments in Oran, where French and Moslem soldiers faced one another with guns ready. (1:8)
A French general who headed a special tribunal to try Right-wing terrorists committed suicide. (1:8)
Dr. Robert A. Soblen slashed his left wrist and stabbed himself in the abdomen with a dinner knife aboard an airliner returning him to New York from Israel. The convicted Soviet spy was taken to a London hospital. (1:4-5)
President Kennedy left Mexico after receiving applause by crowds as fervid as those that welcomed him Friday. (1:4)
The President has ordered 1,000 of the Marines in Thailand to return to their ship. Withdrawal of additional Marines and soldiers may follow, depending on "general conditions." (1:1)
White House and State Department officials worked to avert a major crisis in relations with the Dominican Republic over the new Sugar Act. The act, approved by the House has lead the Dominican Republic to fear that it will lose most of its sugar sales in the premium-bearing United States market. (1:4)
President Kennedy has assured a leading business man, David Rockefeller, that he considers increased profits wholly desirable but that he believes the sure road to that goal is growth and a greater use of capacity. (1:3)
Mrs. Kennedy visits shrine of Mexico's patron saint. (pg. 3)
Goulart nominates Senate leader as Premier. (pg. 3)
Strauss says he is target of Red defamation. (pg. 4)
World War I veterans fight for pension bill. (pg. 20)
Ford Fund gives 2,000,000 for youth project. (pg. 31)
July 3, 1962
Officers of the Algerian Nationalist Army's "western front" rebelled openly against their Provisional Government yesterday. They warned that the army would continue to obey the dismissed chief of staff. (1:8)
President de Gaulle greeted Chancellor Adenauer at Orly airfield with all the ceremony France usually reserves for visiting heads of state. (1:5)
Khrushchev pledged that the "entire Socialist camp" would give a "crushing rebuff" to anyone who attacked mainland China. He accused the United States of backing a Nationalist assault on the Communists. (1:6)
The Chinese Communist and North Vietnamese delegates assailed the presence of American troops in Thailand at the resumption in Geneva of the fourteen-nation talks on Laos. (1:7)
The Government's General Accounting Office disclosed that cotton brokers, acting as official sales agents for the Commodity Credit Corporation had sold more than $400,000,000 worth of Government cotton to themselves at cut rates. The transactions had the approval of Agriculture Department officials in the Eisenhower Administration. The practices were stopped three months after President Kennedy took office. (1:1)
The Senate approved and sent to the White House a compromise sugar bill giving American producers a bigger slice of the domestic market and continuing premium payments for foreign sugar. The Administration, arranged for a further compromise to meet some Latin-American complaints that the bill would cut their share of the market. (1:2)
President Kennedy has told career diplomats that he wants more decisions and ideas from the State Department -- and faster. (1:3)
Democrats at the Governors Conference are scrambling for Mr. Kennedy's campaign help this fall. (10:6)
The Governors Conference will vote today on whether it should ask Congress to propose a Constitutional amendment to allow official prayers in public schools. (11:1)
Secretary of Defense McNamara addressed the Governors in an attempt to overcome their opposition to proposed cuts in the National Guard. (1:2-3)
Britain pledges to return Soblen to U. S. (pg. 1)
Nasser bids Algerian chiefs end dispute. (pg. 7)
J. Edgar Hoover urges fingerprinting of teachers. (pg. 27)
Closing of Alcatraz is urged at hearing. (pg. 27)
Study of communism gains in U. S. schools. (pg. 2)
July 4, 1962
President de Gaulle acted quickly to shift sovereignty to the Algerians, who voted overwhelmingly for independence last Sunday. (1:6-7; Text, pg. 2)
In Algiers, Premier Ben Khedda and his Cabinet -- minus Ben Bella -- came home to a tumultuous welcome six hours after the independence proclamation. (1:)
President Kennedy recognized Algeria but stopped short of offering immediate diplomatic relations; that would be delayed until the nationalists name a permanent executive with effective control. (2:1)
In a note to Britain, the Soviet Union called for the withdrawal of all American military advisers from South Vietnam. Moscow denied a British charge that Communist North Vietnam was behind guerrilla warfare in the south. (1:7)
A demand that American troops get out of another Indo-China country, Thailand, was made by the pro-Communist Deputy Premier of Laos, who charged that United States planes were dropping arms to natives fighting his forces. (3:5)
Only Governor Rockefeller abstained when the others at the Governors Conference asked Congress for a Constitutional Amendment to permit voluntary public school prayers. (1:2)
In a bid to placate the Governors, the Pentagon assured them that their suggestions could modify proposed National Guard changes. (4:3)
The White House accepted a possibly fatal Senate delay on the tax bill to let the foreign trade bill advance and to have more time for weighing income tax cuts this year. (1:4)
Goulart's second nominee elected Brazil's Premier. (pg. 6)
Kennedy selects Wyatt for Federal bench in New York. (pg. 42)
July 5, 1962
An army spokesman said that "all Algerian organizations in Morocco reject the authority of the present Algerian Provisional Government team." (1:3)
Dr. Auro Soares de Moura Andrade, who was elected Premier of Brazil Tuesday by an overwhelming Congressional majority, resigned in the face of President Goulart's opposition to his Cabinet choices. (1:6)
Prince Souvanna Phouma, the new Premier of Laos, conferred separately with the British and Soviet co-chairmen of the Geneva conference on Laos about the neutrality Declaration to be made by the Laotian Government. (1:7)
In sun-drenched Independence Square in Philadelphia, President Kennedy issued a call for "the eventual union of all free men." He said that the United States looked forward to a "declaration of interdependence" that would bring it into a "concrete Atlantic partnership" with a united Europe. Such an Atlantic partnership could serve as the "nucleus" for a union of free men. (l:8; Text, pg. 2)
The Government is investigating the alleged sale of Federal rice planting allotments in Texas. The case is somewhat similar to the one involving cotton allotments obtained by Billie Sol Estes. (1:1)
The trouble plagued Centaur Rocket -- the high-priority project to put the United States in the heavyweight-lifting class in space -- has fallen several more months behind schedule.
July 6, 1962
President de Gaulle and Chancellor Adenauer concluded formal agreement that European unity should be pressed without awaiting the conclusion of negotiations for British entry into the Common Market. French-German proclaimed support for a review of NATO commitments. (1:8; Text, 2)
President Kennedy said that his concept of an Atlantic partnership of the United States and a united Europe should not be "a rich man's club" indifferent to the problems of the underdeveloped nations. (1:6-7)
Leaders of the Algerian Liberation Army in Morocco challenged the legality of the Algerian Provisional Government and threatened to use force if its Parliament was not called to set up a new regime. (1:5)
The nation's employment situation failed to improve in June for the fourth consecutive month. (1:2-3)
The President asked Congress for $23,000,000 to install locks on nuclear weapons in the United States and abroad as a safeguard against accidental or unauthorized firing. (1:3)
The Administration announced a nuclear explosion conducted in the atmosphere this weekend in Nevada. (7:1)
President Kennedy, for his part, declared that lobbying by agents who were "paid large fees by foreign governments to secure sugar quotas" had created "an unfortunate situation". (1:2)
Secretary of Agriculture Freeman clashed with Republican Senators at a hearing on the Billie Sol Estes case. (9:1)
Since Mayor Wagner is apparently irrevocably opposed to running for Governor, Democrats believe that the only other possible way to elect a governor is to find an able candidate of the Jewish faith. (12:1)
Meany seeks one-month opening in Berlin Wall. (2)
Kennedy names Kohler as envoy to Soviet. (2)
Kennedy supports Mexico on Rio Grande dispute. (4)
Kennedy urges Congress to act on shelter plan. (6)
Izvestia letter scores Goodman vocalist. (13)
U.S. gold supply steady for seventh week. (29)
July 7, 1962
The Algerian Provisional Government charged yesterday that Moroccan troops had occupied the Saharan post of Saf-Saf, fifteen miles within Algerian territory. (1:8)
The new Algerian regime was also concerned about violence in Oran, and, accordingly, agreed to have French security forces resume control of European quarters there in cooperation with Moslem troops. (3:3-4)
Soviet tourists, delegations and performers were exempted from a severe restriction on travel in the United States. Washington called Moscow to ease its travel curbs on Americans. (1:6-7; Text, 2)
The West was disappointed in the draft declaration of neutrality submitted by that country's new neutralist Premier, Prince Souvanna Phouma. (1:7)
The mightiest nuclear blast ever set off within the United States was exploded underground in Nevada. (1:5-7)
William Faulkner died in the rural Mississippi town he made world-renowned in literature. (1:2-3)
A tribute by President Kennedy praised him as one of the "great creators of this age". (7:1-5)
An ocean-probing device has uncovered evidence of what may be a vast oil field beneath the basin in the center of the Gulf of Mexico. Such an oil deposit would be the first known one at oceanic depths. (19:1)
Soblen seeks political asylum in Britain. (1)
F.D.A. accused publisher of book on dieting. (1)
White House tells Dominican of readjustment fund. (5)
Pendergast loses final bid for Democrat post. (43)
Goodman's vocalist defended on Russian style. (9)
July 8, 1962
Algerian Army units -- about 1,100 men strong -- arrived in Oran from Morocco. The mounting pressure in favor of Mr. Ben Bella and the ousted general staff on the Algerian Liberation Army seemed to be pushing the Government toward a compromise solution of their disputes. (1:8)
In Algiers, it was disclosed that the United States had secretly supplied food to Moslems for three months during the terrorist campaign by Europeans opposed to an independent Algeria. (1:7)
London reported that Sir Winston Churchill had developed signs of phlebitis, in his injured left leg. (1:7)
Private enterprise will move into space this week with the launching of an experimental communications satellite, Telstar, developed by the American Telephone and Telegraph Company. (1:4-5)
Donald I. Rogers, business and financial editor of The New York Herald Tribune, listed The New York Times, The Washington Post and Times Herald and The St. Louis Post Dispatch as examples of the kind of "liberal" newspapers that, he said, should be deprived of business advertising. (38:3)
Unrest in Eritrea arouses Ethiopian Emperor. (5)
President's father flies to Hyannis Port. (1)
Utilities assail Udall views on power plan. (44)
Three Mayan tombs found by U. S. team. (21)
July 9, 1962
Georges Bidault declared the regime of President de Gaulle is condemned. M. Bidault, a former Premier and Foreign Minister, fled France in opposition to the President's Algerian policies. (1:6-7)
Communist China lodged a strong protest with the Indian Government against a "serious intrusion" by Indian troops in the disputed Sinkiang region. The protest indicated that the Indians had forced the withdrawal of a Chinese patrol. (1:6)
Benny Goodman concluded his band's six-week tour of the Soviet Union with an encore of the "Muskrat Ramble" and some praise for Premier Khrushchev, whom he called an "attractive, sensible man". (10:3)
Senator Harry F. Byrd accused the United States Chamber of Commerce of being "fiscally irresponsible in recommending an immediate tax cut without a reduction in Federal spending. He expressed firm opposition to any tax reduction this year. (1:1)
Negro families, spurred by the Congress of Racial Equality, opened a concerted campaign of house-hunting in Los Angeles districts traditionally restricted to white. The drive followed new California legislation preventing real estate brokers from practicing racial discrimination. (1:1)
The Government announced plans for a thorough study of the impact of television on the nation's children. (1:2-3)
President urges school fitness programs next year. (33)
St. Lawrence Seaway headed for record tonnage. (50)
President satirized near his summer home. (35)
U. S. concerns seeking licenses on Soviet products. (37)
July 10, 1962
The United States set off a nuclear explosion at a reliably reported altitude of about 200 miles over Johnston Island. The blast lit the skies from Hawaii to New Zealand. (l:8)
Two purposes of the explosion were to test its usefulness as an anti-missile device and its effect on communications. (18:6)
The dissident Deputy Premier, Mohammed Ben Bella, sat with a two-man "conciliation" mission from Premier Ben Khedda at Rabat. Spokesmen refused comment on their progress, but Moroccan sources were cautiously optimistic. (1:4)
The Laotian Government gave a statement of neutrality to the fourteen-nation parley on the future of Laos. (1:5; Text, 4)
President Kennedy and Democratic leaders made plans for a House reversal of the Senate's ban on all but surplus food aid to Poland and Yugoslavia. A proposal backed by Representative Walter would let the House declare opposition to such aid but leave the President free to make exceptions in the nation's interest. (1:2-3)
The Federal Reserve Board cut its margin requirement for stock purchases from 70 to 50 per cent. (1:1)
Stevenson bids Common Market help poor lands. (1)
Kennedy still hopes to visit Brazil. (12)
Kennedy welcomes Guard unit home from Berlin. (5)
U. S. drops assault case against Hoffa. (39)
Eastern Air Lines asks for Federal subsidy. (41)
July 11, 1962
A new era in communications opened last night when live pictures of Vice-President Johnson and other officials flashed simultaneously onto television screens in America, Britain and France. The program was relayed from the newly launched Telstar satellite, developed by A.T.&T, and fired into orbit yesterday by the space agency. (1:8)
Premier Khrushchev proposed that the United States, British and French troops in West Berlin be replaced by forces from the smaller Western and Communist nations, under United Nations control. (1:1; Text, 4)
Washington dismissed Mr. Khrushchev's Berlin idea as unacceptable. (1:2-3)
Dazzled and terrified by the United States nuclear blast over the Pacific, Monday, some natives in American Samoa fled into their homes or churches, afraid that the heavens might fall. (5:2)
Deputy Premier Ben Bella was reported to be planning to leave Rabat after rejecting Premier Ben Khedda's plan to dissolve the Liberation Army. (1:4)
President Kennedy threw out the first ball at the All-Star baseball game, in which the National League beat the American League, 3 to 1. (39:2)
Two Negro integration leaders, the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King and the Rev. Ralph Abernathy, went to jail in Albany, Ga. They had been convicted of leading a street protest without a permit. They elected to serve forty-five day terms on work gangs. (1:6)
The United States Court of Appeals in New York unanimously upheld the right of the President to make interim judicial appointments when the Senate is in recess. A defendant in a narcotics case challenged his conviction on the ground that he was deprived of a constitutional trial because the judge had been named after Senate adjournment. (1:6)
India accuses Peiping of threat on Kashmir. (1)
July 12, 1962
The satellite Telstar enabled Americans last night to see their first television broadcasts from across the ocean. (1:1)
Mohammed Ben Bella was accorded a tumultuous welcome on his return to Marnia, his native town for the first time in nearly six years. He drove from Rabat, Morocco, where conciliation talks with other ministers of the Algerian Provisional Government had broken down. Mr. Ben Bella made a conciliatory statement, pledging to put all his strength toward "the sacred unity of the Algerian people." (1:5)
Premier Adoula of the Congo solidified his moderate rule in a Cabinet shuffle. He removed extremist politicians and cut in half the forty-three member cabinet. (9:4-5)
The Kennedy administration announced a $1,500,000,000 tax cut in the form of more liberal allowances for depreciation of machinery and equipment. The action by the Treasury Department is designed to stimulate investment in modern and more efficient facilities and thus to increase productivity, spur economic growth and employment and enable American producers to compete more effectively for world markets. (1:8; Text, pg. 14)
A special tax credit on new outlays for machinery and equipment -- was approved by the Senate Finance Committee in a 10-to-7 vote. At the same time, the committee rejected the President's proposal for withholding taxes on dividends and interest. That vote was 10 to 5. (1:6-7)
Administration forces were caught off guard when the House voted tentatively against a loan to the financially troubled United Nations until other member Nations had paid their overdue assessments. (1:6-7)
Foreign students swamp President on lawn. (pg. 1)
Kennedy asks report on Dr. King's arrest. (pg. 1)
President signs bill to add television channels. (Pg. 13)
July 13, 1962
The diplomatic situation on Berlin was said to have remained unchanged yesterday after an hour-and-forty-minute talk between Secretary of State Rusk and Soviet Ambassador Dobrynin. (1:1; Excerpts, pg.2)
President Kennedy postponed his trip to Brazil from July 30 until mid-November. The main reason was believed to be Brazil's continuing political crisis. (1:2)
By means of the Telstar satellite, the President is expected to appear on a live television program to be transmitted from this country to perhaps 18 countries in Europe July 23. The fifteen-minute program will be followed by a live telecast from various European cities to this country. (6:1)
The House of Representatives responded overwhelmingly to President Kennedy's appeal for discretionary authority to provide aid to Poland and Yugoslavia in the United States' interest. It approved, 277 to 4, a statement condemning aid to Communist countries but continuing his authority to provide aid. The House then voted, 250 to 164, for the $4,668,500,000 foreign-aid authorization bill, sending it to conference to adjust differences with the Senate. (1:8)
France used part of her mounting stock of dollars to repay in advance $293,400,000 of debt owed to the United States, most of it stemming from Marshall Plan loans. Paris also converted another part of its dollar holdings to gold by buying $112,500,000 worth of gold from this country. The moves will ease Washington's balance-of-payments deficit. (1:7)
In an unexpected move accompanying its approval of a new farm bill, the House Agriculture Committee backed, 29 to 5, a sharp cut in Federal price supports for corn. (1:6-7)
In an expected announcement, Abraham A. Ribicoff told a television audience in Connecticut that he had resigned as Secretary of HEW. Mr. Ribicoff, former Governor of Connecticut, said that he would seek the Democratic nomination for Senator. He is the first member of President Kennedy's Cabinet to resign. (1:6-7)
July 14, 1962
The Soviet Government declared that the United States began the atomic arms race with its first bomb test in 1945 and that the Soviet Union, therefore, should be "the last" to carry out such tests. (1:7)
The Federal Government filed a civil antitrust suit against the Music Corporation of America, one of the most powerful forces in show business. The suit asked that the corporation be ordered to divest itself of Decca Records and Universal Pictures, with which it recently merged. (1:1)
Billie Sot Estes was declared bankrupt by a Federal District Judge in El Paso, Texas. The ruling came after three co-defendants pleaded guilty to five charges in a Federal indictment charging fraud and conspiracy. Their plea appeared to shock Mr. Estes, who pleaded not guilty to all 29 counts. (1:4)
President Kennedy met with his advisers to take a hard look at the economics and politics of a speedy tax cut. The meeting ended with no final decision. (1:2)
The expected break in the Congressional dispute blocking all of this year's appropriations bills failed to develop. Action on a proposed compromise was put off. (16:7)
Jerry Wald, movie producer, dies at 51. (pg. 1)
July 15, 1962
President Kennedy appealed to the Soviet Union yesterday to join in a "creative search for ways to end the arms race" and to insure peace. The President, in a statement at the summer White House in Hyannis Port, Mass., said that Arthur H. Dean had returned to the Geneva disarmament conference with instructions to persevere in trying to negotiate "a sound disarmament program." The 17-nation conference, in recess for a month, will resume tomorrow. (1:1; Text, pg.4)
A 19-year-old American student, Robert F. Mann, was sentenced to 21 months imprisonment by an East Berlin court on a charge of having tried to help an East German escape to the West. (5:3)
In a surprise appointment, President Kennedy named Anthony J. Celebrezze, Mayor of Cleveland, to be Secretary of HEW. (1:8)
As an alternative to a quick tax cut, the Administration is considering the possibilities of speeding Federal spending to invigorate the economy. However, a high official declared that blocked appropriations bills prevented moves in that direction now. (1:5)
Consumers, whom President Kennedy has called the only important economic group, "whose views are not often heard," will get their official voice in a few days. The voice will be the Consumers' Advisory Council, whose membership the President will announce shortly. (1:6-7)
In a gradual shift in policy since World War II, the armed forces are now accepting men with some emotional and mental problems. The services are taking men who, despite some psychoneurotic or psychotic tendencies, are able to function in civilian life and to assume full military duties. (1:4)
July 16, 1962
In Geneva for today's resumption of the disarmament conference, the Western delegates were willing to agree to a cut-off date for nuclear weapons tests that would allow the Russians to conduct the last series. The date being discussed informally by the United States and its Allies is next Jan. 1. (1:8)
A United States Army helicopter carrying five Americans and two Vietnamese was shot down by Communist insurgents in South Vietnam. A rescue force of other helicopters with troops aboard was sent to the scene and, according to late reports, one of the Americans was found uninjured. (1:6-7)
Congress is entering a week of suspense and activity with the fate of much important legislation in the balance. Much of Congress' attention will be pre-empted by a matter of protocol -- the continuing struggle between the two appropriations committees for precedence in handling money bills. (1:1)
July 17, 1962
Washington disavowed a suggestion by its disarmament negotiator, Arthur H. Dean, that recent advances in nuclear test detection might enable the United States to modify its insistence on an international control system to monitor a test ban. The Administration stressed that it would not retreat on this issue. (1:8)
The Soviet Union has an anti-missile missile that can hit "a fly in outer space," according to Premier Khrushchev. In an interview with American editors he also said the United States was deluding itself in thinking that high-altitude nuclear blasts could stop Soviet global missiles. (1:6-7)
Despite American protests, Communist China won the chance to put a foot in the United Nations' door when a UNESCO-sponsored meeting in Paris accepted a Communist proposal to let non-members attend as observers. (8-5)
Secretary of Defense McNamara started a drive to slash the overseas dollar drain by another $900,000,000 a year without cutting American fighting power. More than half the saving would come through reduced spending abroad. (1:2-3)
July 18, 1962
President Kennedy called in the Soviet Ambassador last evening for a one-hour talk. Officials said Mr. Kennedy wanted to impress on Ambassador Anatoly F. Dobrynin that the withdrawal of Western forces from Berlin was not a negotiable issue. The President also intended to stress the need for keeping the Berlin dispute under diplomatic control and preventing hostilities. (1:1)
Hours before their talk, a Soviet jet fighter buzzed a United States DC-3 in a Berlin air corridor. (2:5)
The Kennedy Administration had a bad day on Capitol Hill. A 52 to 48 vote in the Senate killed any hope for passage of the President's old age medical care program in this session. Angrily, Mr. Kennedy went before TV cameras to call it "a most serious defeat for every American family" and vowed to take the case to the voters this fall. (1:8; Text, pg. 14)
The House dealt the Administration a setback by rejecting a new proposal to convert a plutonium-producing reactor at Hanford, Wash., into perhaps the world's largest atomic power plant. (1:7)
President Kennedy's legislative program is faring worse in Congress this year than last, when 48 percent of his requests were granted. His score after six months of the session is only 7 percent and many of his most important measures have been casualties. (14:4)
July 19, 1962
After a month-long political crisis in Peru, the armed forces overthrew and imprisoned President Manuel Prado y Ugarteche yesterday in a coup d'etat. (1:8)
The coup in Peru had immediate diplomatic repercussions. The United States suspended diplomatic relations with the country and Venezuela proposed the convocation of an inter-American conference. (1:6-7)
The United States and some of its Western Allies were said to be working out a plan involving economic pressures to force President Tshombe of Katanga Province to accept federation with the Congo. (1:5)
In Geneva, the United States rejected the two latest Soviet proposals on disarmament. It called unacceptable Moscow's offers on reducing conventional arms and banning joint military maneuvers by the forces of two or more states. (1:7)
As the Senate Finance Committee continued whittling on the Administration's tax-revision bill, Government experts estimated that the committee's actions would mean a loss of $860,000,000 in Federal income in the first year of operation. The tax-revision bill passed by the House would have meant a net revenue gain of $260,000,000. (1:1)
President Kennedy's request for continued authority to provide aid to Communist Governments in the United States interest was approved by Senate and House conferees. The joint committee reached agreement on a compromise $4,672,000,000 foreign-aid authorization bill. (1:3)
President Kennedy announced the appointment of a Consumers Advisory Council consisting of six women and six men, "to give broad consideration to the consumers' needs and point of view." (16:1)
July 20, 1962
Faced by a diplomatic boycott, the day-old military regime in Peru formally requested diplomatic recognition yesterday from the United States and other non-Communist nations. (3:2-3)
But Washington, which had already suspended relations with Lima, emphatically showed its dismay over the overthrow of a democratic government in Latin America. The White House called the coup a "serious setback" for the Alliance for Progress and the State Department announced the suspension of all United States aid to Peru except for minor humanitarian programs. (1:8)
The United States denounced "intransigence" by President Moise Tshombe of Katanga Province and threatened him with "all possible measures" short of military action if he persisted in thwarting federation with the Central Congo Government. The State Department bitterly accused Mr. Tshombe's regime of having provoked "mob scenes" by sending crowds of women against United Nations troops last Tuesday. (1:5)
The United Nations charged that Katangese troops had killed an African woman and child in that clash. (4:1)
The Kennedy Administration plans to decide early next month whether to seek an anti-recession tax cut. A high source disclosed that if the Administration reads the economic indicators that will be available about Aug. 10 as evidence of a downturn or perhaps even as a leveling off in the economy, a tax cut is likely to be proposed. Another major factor, though, is the attitude of key Democrats in Congress. (1:1)
The Treasury reported a $6,300,000,000 budget deficit for the year that ended June 30. It was the nation's second largest peace-time deficit. Another deficit this fiscal year may be in the making. (1:2-3)
High over Kwajalein Island in the central Pacific, a United States antimissile missile intercepted an intercontinental ballistic missile for the first time. A Pentagon spokesman said that the United States had no knowledge of a similar Soviet feat. (1:3-4)
July 21, 1962
In an advisory opinion, the World Court expressed the view that all members of the United Nations were legally obligated to pay expenses of the peacekeeping forces in the Congo and the Middle East. The Court divided on the issue, 9 votes to 5, with judges from the Soviet Union, Poland, France, Argentina and Peru in dissent. (1:8; Text, p. 2)
The Court's decision was hailed by United States officials as one of "great magnitude." Washington served notice that it would back moves to deprive debtor nations of their voting in the General Assembly. (1:6-7)
If the Assembly follows the advisory opinion, four nations -- Bolivia, Guatemala, Paraguay and Yemen -- may lose their votes. (2:7-8)
The United States increased its pressure on the new military regime in Peru by suspending its military aid to that country. (6:1)
The Foreign Minister of the Peruvian military junta called Washington's attitude toward Wednesday's revolt "headlong and unjustified." (1:3)
President Kennedy announced a major re-shuffling of the nation's top military command. He named Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor, who has been his military adviser, to succeed Gen. Lyman L. Lemnitzer as chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. General Lemnitzer in turn will replace Gen. Lauris Norstad as commander of United States and NATO forces in Europe. The changes were announced a few hours after the White House disclosed that General Norstad would retire Nov. 1 after six years in his dual post. (1:2-4)
NATO's Council may approve General Lemnitzer's appointment next week. (4:1)
The Senate adopted a compromise foreign aid authorization of $4,672,000,000 for the year that began July 1. But there were indications that the development program it authorized faced an uncertain future. (1:4)
New evidence that the nation's economic expansion was slackening was provided by the President's Council of Economic Advisers. It estimated that total output of goods and services in the second quarter of the year was well under its earlier prediction and that the rate of accumulation of business inventories had declined sharply. (1:1)
The Senate Finance Committee tentatively approved a sharply modified version of the Administration's tax-revision bill. The group stiffened provisions for taxing building and loan associations and mutual savings banks, but it softened other provisions. (1:2)
The months-long Congressional feud over chairmanships of appropriations conferences was resolved by the flip of a coin. As a result, a House member became chairman for the first time in history. (1:1)
Kennedy thanks Naval Reservists for service. (pg. 7)
Kennedy bars gold-coin imports after Jan. 1. (pg. 6)
JULY 22, 1962
The Soviet Union announced early today that it had ordered a resumption of nuclear tests in response to the current series of United States tests. (1:8; Text, pg. 15)
United States officials have long expected Moscow's announcement. They have believed that the Russians did not intend to negotiate seriously for a nuclear test-ban until they conducted further tests based on the information gained in Moscow's test series last fall. (14:1-4)
President Kennedy, at Hyannis Port, Mass., appealed to two unions to delay a strike against the aerospace industry for sixty days. Walkouts against five companies had been called for tomorrow. The International Association of Machinists acceded to the President's request, but the United Automobile Workers delayed a decision until today. (1:1)
Robert D. Murphy, former Under Secretary of State, made a confidential mission to the Dominican Republic for President Kennedy last year six weeks before the assassination of Generalissimo Trujillo. The retired diplomat was informally assisted in the mission by Igor Cassini, the society columnist. The White House confirmed that the mission was undertaken after Mr. Cassini advised the President's father of a possible revolution in the Dominican Republic. (1:3-4)
Kennedy fights ban on Communist mail. (pg. 49)
JULY 23, 1962
Western experts now believe that a hardening Soviet stand on Berlin indicates the Soviet-bloc nations plan to sign a separate peace treaty with East Germany before the end of the year. This became known in Geneva as Secretary of State Rusk and Soviet Foreign Minister Gromyko conferred again on the Berlin problem. (1:6-7)
The nation's first attempt to launch a spacecraft to explore the planet Venus ended in failure nearly 100 miles above the Atlantic. (1:2-3)
The Senate Finance Committee is expected to report out on Friday a badly mauled version of the Administration's tax-revision bill. The committee has eliminated many of the revenue-raising features that the Administration proposed, as well as reforms designed to end tax-evading devices. (1:4)
Mrs. Kennedy water skis with Colonel Glenn. (pg. 43)
JULY 24, 1962
President Kennedy offered a gloomy report on Berlin at his news conference. He said Secretary of State Rusk had made no progress in his talks with Soviet Foreign Minister Gromyko in Geneva on the Berlin impasse. The President added, however, that Mr. Rusk would stay on as long as a useful purpose would be served. (1:6)
Seismic instruments in the United States clearly detected a large underground explosion set off in the Sahara by France May 1. This disclosure led to suggestions that the United States might modify its long-standing demands for an international control system to police nuclear test bans. While President Kennedy said at his news conference that acceptance of a national control system, as urged by the Soviet Union, was "not the position of the United States at this time," William C. Foster, head of the United States Disarmament and Arms Control Agency, outlined the possibility of some such system. (1:7)
President Kennedy attacked the Republicans as being almost wholly negative on domestic social legislation and repeatedly went out of his way to indicate he was through trying to woo them in Congress. (1:1; Text, page 12)
International television became a reality yesterday when American broadcasters bounced "live" pictures off the communications satellite Telstar, and broadcasters in Europe bounced their own pictures back. Viewers on both sides of the Atlantic reported clear reception. (9:5)
Eastern Air Lines rejected a proposal by Secretary of Labor Arthur J. Goldberg to end the month-long strike of flight engineers against the carrier. The strike has grounded one of the nation's largest lines. (1:2)
President concerned over Katanga snag. (pg. 1)
Kennedy is cool to Moscow phone offer. (pg. 4)
Kennedy welcomes President of Ecuador. (pg. 11)
JULY 25, 1962
In a long talk with Foreign Minister Gromyko in Geneva yesterday, Secretary of State Rusk failed to find the "useful purpose" that President Kennedy had said on Monday would keep him in Berlin. As a result, unless Mr. Gromyko moves for another meeting, Mr. Rusk will leave for Washington today with the Berlin deadlock as tight as ever. (1:1)
The House of Representatives approved a $4, 670, 000, 000 foreign aid authorization and sent the bill to President Kennedy for his signature. The vote was 221 to 162. It was viewed as a major victory for the Administration even though it was $206,500,000 less than the President requested. (1:8)
Legislation authorizing a $3, 744, 115, 250 civilian space budget for the current fiscal year was also approved by Senate and House conferees. The authorization was only $43, 160, 750 less than the Administration requested for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (1:6-7)
A $900, 000, 000 public works bill suddenly came to life reportedly at the urging of the Administration. The Rules Committee, which has had the bill for seven weeks, set a hearing for Thursday and is expected to report it for floor action next week. (1:7)
Kennedy, Arosemena pledge joint aid effort. (pg. 14)
Nisei again ask tax-free compensation. (pg. 18)
JULY 26, 1962
The newly free state of Algeria was gripped by fear of civil war last night with Algiers described as an "open city". (1:8)
Reports reaching Washington indicate that some Soviet missile sites are being "hardened" -- protected by concrete. Under this system, comparable to some American installations, the missiles lie horizontally in a large concrete box until launching, when a "coffin-type" lid opens and the missiles are raised to a vertical position. (1:6-7)
President Kennedy has called a top-level Administration meeting tomorrow to consider possible modifications in United States proposals for a nuclear test-ban treaty. The Administration 'has been intensively reviewing the diplomatic implications of recent technical advances in the detection of underground explosions. (1:7)
In Geneva, Brazil urged a ban on nuclear explosions in the atmosphere and in space as a first step toward a test-ban treaty. (2:5)
Secretary of State Rusk flew home from Geneva, where he had three long, fruitless meetings with Soviet Foreign Minister Gromyko on Berlin. (3:1)
Gen. Lyman L. Lemnitzer was formally accepted as the Supreme Commander of NATO to succeed Gen. Lauris Norstad, who is retiring Nov. 1. The United States appointee was approved unanimously after a five-day procedural "pause" enforced by President de Gaulle. (2:1)
President Kennedy is understood to have decided that the economy needs a tax cut. The size of the cut now believed needed is at least $7,000,000,000 a year in personal and corporate income taxes. The President is expected to propose the reduction next month if key members of Congress give him reasonable assurance of speedy action. (1:1)
The House approved a bill to assure equal pay for equal work, regardless of sex. (1:3)
The Senate Agriculture Committee sets the stage for another farm-legislation fight by again rejecting the Administration's grain production controls. The Administration had expected to gain committee approval by a switch of one Democratic vote, but this was offset by a Republican switch. (1:2)
President Kennedy agreed with Governor Luis Munoz Marin that Puerto Ricans should vote on their preference for statehood, independence or a revised commonwealth status. The President's views were conveyed in a letter to the Governor on the tenth anniversary of the Puerto Rican Commonwealth. (1:2-3; Text, pg. 8)
Twelve experts will begin a study this fall into the impact of smoking and air pollution on the nation's health. The inquiry was announced by the Surgeon General. (11:1)
Kennedy letter praises aid of Farbstein. (Pg. 15)
JULY 27, 1962
A week after the coup d'etat in Peru, the military junta was master of the political situation without resorting to terror. Most Peruvians were apparently giving tacit consent to the military take-over. (4:1)
Talks in Washington between the Netherlands and Indonesia on the future of Netherlands New Guinea were near collapse. (1:7)
Diplomatic activity in Washington involved a dignified welcome to Prince Souvanna Phouma, the new Laotian Premier, whom the United States helped to drive out power almost two years ago. (1:5-7)
A United States attempt to conduct a high-altitude nuclear test over Johnston Island in the Pacific failed when a Thor rocket burst into flames on the launching pad and had to be destroyed. The failure, the third in the long-delayed test program, presented the Administration with a dilemma on whether to cut short the tests or exceed a Presidential deadline for concluding the series. (1:6)
President Kennedy announced that he had signed a sweeping welfare reform bill. The new law ended a year of turbulent debate over the direction of welfare programs. (1:1)
U. S. monetary gold stock at 23-year low. (pg. 29)
JULY 28, 1962
President Kennedy and his main policy advisers reached general agreement yesterday to modify, but not to abandon, Washington's insistence on international inspection of a nuclear test ban. At a ninety-minute White House conference, the President apparently approved plans to discuss new test-detection data with the Russians and to offer a greatly simplified inspection and control system. But how far the United States will go depends on Moscow's willingness to modify its long-standing opposition to international inspection. (1:8)
Argentina's Finance Minister announced that his Government would receive credits of $500,000,000 from United States and world institutions. The credits, the U. S. share of which is $200,000,000, will greatly ease Argentina's fiscal crisis. (1:8)
The General Electric Company has agreed to pay the Federal Government $7,470,000 in damages for overpayments resulting from price fixing. (1:1; Text, pg. 9)
Senate action on important appropriations and other measures was blocked for a second day by a filibuster against the communications satellite bill. (1:4)
The Senate Finance Committee rejected for the second time the Administration plan to withhold taxes on dividends and interest. The vote was 11 to 5. (8:1)
On the other side of Capitol Hill, a Presidential request for $568,755,000 to start an extensive fall-out shelter program was deleted from a funds bill by the House Appropriations Committee. In its place, the committee approved $10, 000,000, for "more study and research." (1:7)
In the anti-segregation campaign in Albany, Ga., the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., twenty-six other Negroes and one white were arrested and jailed during two prayer protests in front of the City Hall. (1:2-4)
Last of U. S. Marines to leave Thailand. (pg. 1)
Kennedy exhorts new Laos leader. (pg.3)
JULY 29, 1962
The Kennedy Administration's cautious optimism on the progress of South Vietnam's war against Communist insurgents is not widely reflected among Americans stationed in that country. The furthest any American official is willing to go is to say that President Diem's regime has a 50-50 chance of defeating the Communists. (13:1)
The Kennedy Administration is not yet satisfied with the Peruvian military junta's moves toward constitutional government and plans to hold up diplomatic recognition for further concessions. These apparently include the admission of more civilians to the junta's government, a term of less than the promised year for the junta's retirement and guarantees that the next election will be constitutional and free. (1:3)
In Lima, United States military attaches have resumed some contacts with Peruvian military leaders. (24:3)
In Brussels, neutral Austria and Sweden presented their case for admission to the European Common Market as associate members. The Common Market's Council accorded them a friendly welcome but no commitment. (1:2)
Twenty-two persons were killed and many more were injured when a Philadelphia-bound Pennsylvania excursion train roared off the tracks just outside Harrisburg. (1:8)
The Government also plans to start a major program to break down the employment barriers against Negroes and other minorities in the construction industry. The basic weapon of the campaign, to begin early in the fall, will be a compliance report similar to the one already used to check on the employment practices of manufacturers who sell to the Government. (1:5)
Prompted partly by recent disclosure that a new drug is being blamed for birth defects, the Government is seeking ways to reduce hazards from use of experimental medicines. Reports on the dire effects of Thalidomide when used by women during pregnancy have sharpened interest in tightening regulations on the use of experimental drugs. (44:3-4)
Kennedy will try to salvage shelter plan. (pg 32)
JULY 30, 1962
A radically new system of handling trade in farm products was put into effect by customs officers in the six European Common Market countries. In probably the greatest crumbling of trade barriers in history--import quotas, minimum price regulations and tariffs on many products vanished. In their place is a single, variable "levy." (1:7)
The Israeli Cabinet decided unanimously not to let Dr. Robert A. Soblen return to Israel. But informants said that the government would deny any obligation to return the convicted Soviet spy from Britain to the United States. (1:3)
Perhaps as soon as 1967, three Americans will be rocketed on a journey that, until Sputnik I, only a few visionaries believed would ever take place -- a trip to the moon. The United States' manned lunar program, called Project Apollo, will cost about 20,000,000,000, enlist the talents of 100,000 people and strain the technological ingenuity of many industries. (1:2-5)
A political impasse that is approaching a personal feud has developed between some Democrats in Congress and the Administration over filling two vacancies on the Atomic Energy Commission. The deadlock shows signs of becoming a partisan issue, with Republicans chiding the Administration. (1:2-3)
With Congress beginning what is likely to be the last full month of the session, Administration forces are working to salvage some major elements of President Kennedy's legislative program. They will concentrate mainly on the tax-revision bill, which faces an uncertain future, and the foreign-trade bill, whose prospects appear to be good. (1:1)
Another Administration concern is a planned reorganization of the President's Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity. The overhaul is designed to step up the drive to end discrimination by unions and companies with Federal contracts. (1:4)
JULY 31, 1962
President Kennedy met with Arthur H. Dean and other disarmament advisers to plan modifications in proposals for a nuclear test ban. Officials said an announcement of new concessions in the Geneva talks was expected this week. The Administration is said to be convinced that recent advances in underground test detection will permit this country to ease its demands for international inspection. (1:6)
A cloture petition aimed at breaking the Senate filibuster against the satellite communications bill was signed by the required sixteen members. No further steps were immediately taken. (1:1)