November 1962
November 1, 1962
On his return from Havana last night, U Thant declared he had been "reliably informed" that Soviet missiles in Cuba were being dismantled and that the work should be completed tomorrow. The Acting Secretary General described his two days of talks with Premier Fidel Castro as "fruitful." But he disclosed no agreement and it was the general belief at the United Nations that he had been unable to persuade Dr. Castro to agree to his plan to have United Nations' inspectors verify the removal of the missiles. Mr. Thant returned to New York with the entire group of officials he took to Havana and with five other officials who flew there yesterday. (1:8)
The United States announced that, because of "the absence of effective United Nations arrangements," the arms quarantine of Cuba would be resumed at dawn today. The White House said that air surveillance of the Soviet missile sites there would be resumed, but it declined to say when. (1:6-7)
Prime Minister Nehru dismissed V. K. Krishna Menon as India's Defense Minister and took over the post himself. (1:1)
A result of the Chinese invasion was the dispatch of British and United States arms to India at Mr. Nehru's urgent request. Britain said "it will do everything possible" to assist India in the struggle, including perhaps a lend-lease arrangement. (1:2)
The United States placed in orbit a "flashing light" satellite known as Anna, to determine more accurately the size and shape of the earth. The 700-mile-high satellite, will be, in effect, a man-made star serving as a reference point in space. (1:3-4)
November 2, 1962
A defiant Fidel Castro announced last night Cuba's rejection of any form of international inspection of the withdrawal of Soviet missiles from Cuba. (1: 8; pg. 14)
Dr. Castro's blistering speech dealt a heavy blow to Acting Secretary General Thant's efforts to work out a compromise plan for inspecting the withdrawal of Soviet missiles. The use of the Red Cross group was said to have been advanced by Anastas I. Mikoyan, Soviet First Deputy Premier, in talks with Mr. Thant and Adlai E. Stevenson. (1:6-7)
Washington believed that Dr. Castro had made his intransigent stand on the eve of Mr. Mikoyan's arrival in Havana to confront him with an accomplished fact. United States officials, who had resumed aerial reconnaissance and the arms blockade of Cuba, believed the Cuban leader had sharply heightened the crisis. (1:7)
Officials at the Pentagon believe Soviet crews manning an advanced type of anti-craft missile downed the U-2 plane lost over Cuba last Saturday. (1:8)
The United States-made artillery is being flown from Turkey to India. (1:2)
After weeks of bitter debate, an Asian-African drive seeking the expulsion of South Africa from the United Nations won overwhelming support. The resolution was adopted by the Special Political Committee over United States and British objections by a vote of 60 to 16 with 21 abstentions. (1:2-3)
The Soviet Union announced it had launched a one-ton space probe toward Mars. The vehicle is scheduled to take more than seven months to reach the vicinity of Mars, and to send back radio photographs. (1:5)
As both the United States and the Soviet Union continued intensive nuclear tests, Soviet officials hinted that a system of unmanned seismic stations and tamper-proof instruments could lead to a testy-ban accord. United States officials were studying the proposal, but so far they do not believe it eliminates the need for some on-site inspections, the key issue in the impasse. (1:4)
Kennedys are building home in Virginia. (pg. 17)
United States gold stock falls by $40,000,000. (pg. 41)
November 3, 1962
President Kennedy reported to the nation last night that "progress is now being made toward the restoration of peace in the Caribbean" with the dismantling of Soviet missile bases in Cuba. In a brief radio-TV speech from the White House, he said the dismantling had been verified by aerial photographs and other indications. The President declared the United States would "follow closely the completion of this work through a variety of means, including aerial surveillance, until such time as an equally satisfactory international means of verification is effected." But there were no signs that any accord on such verification on Cuban soil was in prospect. (pg. 1:8; p. 7)
In the face of Cuba's rejection of all inspection proposals, the United States and the Soviet Union agreed on the use of Red Cross observers to determine whether ships bound for Cuba were carrying arms. Sources at the United Nations said Washington would not give guarantees to Cuba against invasion unless arrangements were being made for ground inspection. (15)
Secretary of Labor Wirtz flew to New York to join efforts to settle the strike against The New York Daily News shortly after the newspaper announced it had been "forced to suspend publication." (1:3)
November 4, 1962
President Kennedy has decided to insist on International ground inspection in Cuba before certifying that Moscow has honored its pledge to withdraw offensive missiles from the island. The President's position was intended to influence the continuing negotiations for a variety of inspection arrangements. The United States yesterday released "before-and-after" aerial photographs showing Soviet missile bases being dismantled, but it is not prepared to rely upon this evidence alone to acquit the Russians before the United Nations. (1:8)
There was trouble in Venezuela as saboteurs blew up four pipelines of American-operated oil installations. The armed forces called up 5,000 army reservists, and informants said President Betancourt might accuse Cuba of aggression. (1:5)
India virtually gave up hope that Moscow would withdraw its support of Communist China and take India's side in the frontier warfare between the two countries. In a letter to Prime Minister Nehru, Premier Khrushchev made it clear that he was not planning an about-face and urged India to accept negotiations on Peking's terms. Indians say those terms would mean that the invaders would remain on Indian soil. (1:2-3)
November 5, 1962
As American ships and planes kept up their patrol around and, presumably over Cuba, many Washington officials took a welcome breather for the first time in weeks. President Kennedy spent the day at Glen Ora. (1:4)
In Moscow, another United States Embassy official was ordered expelled for alleged espionage. (1:4-5)
The end of United States nuclear tests in the Pacific was announced by President Kennedy. The series was concluded with a high-altitude blast over Johnston Island. Mr. Kennedy said he hoped that the nuclear powers soon "can conclude an effective test ban treaty so that the world can be free from all testing." Until then, he implied, underground tests will be continued at the Nevada Proving Grounds. (1:8)
The President will fly to Massachusetts today to do his bit on Election Day for the nation, the Democrats and his brother, Edward. (1:2)
For the first time, the civilian space agency--NASA--faces a crucial budget quandary. Basically, the problem pits men against instruments. The question now emerging is whether NASA can meet the soaring costs of landing men on the moon without sacrificing the one advantage it has in the space race; an impressive lead in unmanned scientific space exploration. (1:8)
November 6, 1962
In a protest to a Soviet diplomat, the United States charged yesterday that the Russians had failed to remove their bombers from Cuba. The planes, Ilyushin 28's, can drop nuclear bombs. (1:1)
Washington's analysis of new aerial photos showed more bombers visible in Cuba, either newly uncrated or not seen before. Concerning missiles, however, the Kremlin was sending private assurances that it would honor its agreement to permit on-site inspection of their withdrawal. (1:6-1)
Eighty-one United Nations members called on the nuclear powers to end all atomic testing by Jan. l. No nation voted against it, but 25, including the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union, abstained. A Western resolution stressing international test-ban control also passed. (1:2-3; P. 9)
U.S. and Japan sign satellite accord. (pg. 4)
November 7, 1962
Americans said O.K. to President Kennedy yesterday, Hello to two new G.O.P. Presidential prospects, (Pennsylvania's William W. Scranton and Michigan's George Romney) and farewell to Richard M. Nixon. Although Mr. Kennedy didn't get quite what he wanted in the House and state capitals, his Democrats made a good showing for a midterm election. (1:4)
Governor Rockefeller won re-election by at least 500,000 votes.
Senator Jacob K. Javits led the New York G.O.P. ticket by winning reelection with a margin that approached a million. (1:7)
Connecticut's Democrats voted Abraham A. Ribicoff into the Senate. (1:5)
Senator Everett M. Dirksen won a close fight with Democratic Representative Yates in Illinois. (35:2)
The Soviet Union was said to have proposed that Swiss Army technicians assigned to the Red Cross, inspect ships that have departed from Cuba to verify the removal of Soviet missiles. This proposal together with evidence that the missiles are being hurriedly loaded aboard freighters in Cuba, is leading the United States to believe that Moscow will soon claim that inspection on Cuban soil is no longer necessary. (1:2)
The General Assembly urged United Nations members to impose economic sanctions on South Africa in an effort to force it to abandon its policy of racial segregation. The Asian-African resolution was approved by a vote of 67 to 16 with 23 abstentions. (1:1)
Connally elected Governor of Texas. (pg. 34)
November 8, 1962
Complete unofficial returns in Tuesday's election demonstrated national support for President Kennedy's Cuban policies, warded off a Republican threat to his legislative strength and gave the Democrats a remarkable midterm victory. The President emerged with enhanced prestige and political strength after tabulations that had first suggested a possible Republican sweep. (1:8)
The Democrats upset midterm tradition by gaining strength in the Senate and holding down losses in the House. They had a net gain of four Senate seats. (31:4)
There was a loss of six in their House majority. (32:2)
Democratic leaders from the President down expressed elation over their party's victories. (22:1-2)
The Administration believes that the next Congress will take a more favorable attitude toward Federal aid to education and health insurance for the aged under Social Security. (40:1)
In a stunning upset, Birch Bayh, Jr., a 34-year-old Democratic lawyer and farmer, defeated Republican Senator Homer E. Capehart in Indiana's Senate race. (1:6)
The United States and the Soviet Union have agreed that United States naval vessels will make contact with Soviet ships and count missiles being removed from Cuba. Although details of the accord were kept secret, Pentagon officials indicated that the Navy vessels would pull alongside the ships and count the missiles crated on deck. (1:1)
Premier Khrushchev declared that Moscow had originally placed forty missiles in Cuba and had now removed them all. (1:1)
Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt died in her Manhattan home after a six-week illness. The former First Lady, famous as the wife and widow of the President and an international figure in her own right, was 78 years old. (1:2-3)
Mrs. Roosevelt was a noted humanitarian, author and delegate to the United Nations. She was a great lady and in her later years, an object of almost universal respect. (35:1)
President Kennedy led the nation in tributes to Mrs. Roosevelt. He praised her "tireless idealism, good works and wise counsel." (34:1)
In Tyler, Texas, a jury found Billie Sol Estes guilty of swindling a farmer on a mortgage deal. They set a sentence for the operator of eight years in prison. (1:3)
November 9, 1962
The United States announced last night that "all known" missile bases in Cuba had been dismantled. The Pentagon said it had photographic evidence that "significant" equipment had been moved to port areas, that a substantial" number of missiles had been loaded on Soviet cargo ships and that some of these ships had left Cuba. Within 24 hours United States Navy ships will conduct "close alongside observation" of the outbound Soviet vessels by agreement with the Soviet Union. (1:8)
Another concern in Washington is Cuba's reported possession of at least 20 Soviet twin-jet attack bombers. The Cuban Government has told United Nations members that the bombers are now Cuban property and will not be relinquished. (1:7)
President Kennedy, who called Mrs. Roosevelt "one of the great ladies," in the nation's history, ordered all American flags lowered to half-staff. (1:6-7)
European economists back Kennedy tax-cut plan. (pg. 14)
November 10, 1962
United States warships have begun intercepting home-bound Soviet cargo vessels to verify the removal of Soviet missiles from Cuba. The Pentagon announced yesterday that five freighters had submitted to inspection on the high seas with a display of cordiality - waving, smiles and gift-exchanging. Under the unusual procedure, Soviet sailors pulled canvas tarpaulins off their open-deck cargoes, which were observed and photographed by the Navy vessels alongside the freighters. No boardings were indicated. (1:8)
Naval officers at Guantanamo Bay describe the aerial-surface inspection of the freighters as "looking them over." (2:3-4)
The Navy's top admiral confirmed that United States destroyers blockading Cuba had detected and followed Soviet submarines for long periods. (1:4-7)
Venezuela submitted to the Organization of American States what she called documentary proof linking the Cuban Government with recent acts of sabotage and subversion by Venezuelan Communists. A United States official called the evidence "quite impressive." (1:7)
A new economic program announced by Communist China gives top priority to far-reaching plans for mechanizing farm production. The policy statement underlines the country's shift from rapid industrial development to higher agricultural output. (1:5)
White House is fighting starling invasion. (pg. 27)
November 11, 1962
United States officials believe the Soviet Union has removed from Cuba most, if not all, of the long-range missiles that precipitated the Cuban crisis. More than half of an estimated 42 missiles are believed to be outbound aboard Soviet freighters, which are being inspected on the high seas by United States warships and helicopters. The Pentagon said the sixth interception took place yesterday. Washington believes there is a 50-50 chance that Premier Khrushchev also will order the removal of most of the Soviet bombers now in Cuba. (pg. 1:8)
There is a growing feeling among United States officials that Moscow's good faith in removing the missiles means that future issues will have to be pressed more directly against Premier Castro. But officials say this change cannot take place until the Soviet jet bombers are also removed. (1:7)
The plan for a Red Cross check-up on Soviet arms shipments to Cuba may be blocked by United States-Soviet disagreements. Informants at the United Nations said Washington wants a 30-day inspection, while Moscow is seeking a much shorter period. (1:7)
Although Navy officials do not expect any immediate Cuban attack on Guantanamo Bay, the defense buildup at the base was continuing. Green-clad marines were digging deeper along the frontline. (32:4-5)
Communist China's attack on India has stirred African criticism and brought disillusionment with Peking's talk of "brotherhood." Many African nations have expressed sympathy for India and are reevaluating their policy of nonalignment. (1:5)
The Chinese kept up their pressure against Indian troops defending a major post. (3:1)
Under rainy skies, Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt was buried beside the grave of her husband in the hemlock-rimmed rose garden of the family estate at Hyde Park, N.Y. Among the many distinguished persons gathered around the grave were President Roosevelt's three successors: Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower and John F. Kennedy. (1:3-4; P. 87)
Fowler Hamilton has resigned as foreign aid administrator. He has asked the President to name a successor at his earliest convenience. Widespread reports of Mr. Hamilton's possible replacement have made his position all but impossible. He will return to his successful law practice. (1:1)
The Federal Government, which pioneered in finding jobs for the physically handicapped, has begun a similar program for persons who have been mentally ill. (1:2)
November 12, 1965
The three principal United States negotiators in the Cuban crisis will report to President Kennedy today at his request. The first-hand report on the status of the negotiations will be presented by Adlai E. Stevenson, John J. McCloy and Charles W. Yost. Some United Nations delegates believe that the United States may give up its demand for international inspection of Soviet missile sites in Cuba. (1:8)
The United States disclosed yesterday it had "counted" 42 Soviet missiles outbound from Cuba on Soviet freighters. But a Pentagon official added: "We never could be sure that 42 was the maximum number that the Soviets brought to Cuba" until ground inspection was carried out. (1:7)
Because of the Cuban crisis, Chancellor Adenauer's visit to Washington this week is regarded as more important than when it was scheduled a month ago. A major purpose of the West German leader's talks with President Kennedy will be to reevaluate Soviet intentions on Berlin and to prepare for possible negotiations with Moscow. (1:6-7)
Last summer, according to Gen. Lauris Norstad, allied strategy in Europe shifted "in principle" to a policy of coping with an enemy attack for a limited time right at the Iron Curtain. The NATO commander called the new policy a substantial advance. (6:3)
The Government has been urged to undertake a $31,000,000 research program in an international project to explore the earth's mantle, below its crust. At least part of the program, recommended by a panel of the National Academy of Sciences, is expected to be included in next year's budget. (1:2)
November 13, 1962
President Kennedy met yesterday with his chief planners and negotiators on the Cuban situation. In a meeting lasting 1 hour 45 minutes, they reviewed strategy for having the remaining Soviet offensive weapons removed from Cuba. But no conclusive decisions were reported on how tough the United States should get in its demands for ground inspection of the island and the departure of Soviet bombers. (1:8)
Prime Minister Nehru disclosed that India had asked the United States for transport planes and arms-production machinery to carry on her defense against Chinese border attacks. Washington is expected to grant the requests soon. (1:4)
The Administration is working on a step-by-step approach to the tax reduction and reform proposals it has pledged for next year. No basic decisions have been made, but it is assumed that the proposed reforms will be smaller than the cuts and that both personal and corporate income taxes will be reduced considerably. However, the experts are talking about seeking gradual, rather than immediate, tax changes. (1:1)
Richard M. Nixon's press secretary, Herbert G. Klein, said that ABC's Sunday night television program on Mr. Nixon attempted to "distort the life of a great American." He said: "The innuendo that Mr. Nixon had painted Ambassador Stevenson, former President Truman and Dean Acheson as traitors was a particularly disgraceful example." Meanwhile, the appearance of Alger Hiss on the telecast drew more protests. (27:2)
Republican Senator Barry Goldwater said President Kennedy should rid his Administration of Adlai E. Stevenson, Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., Chester Bowles and Richard Goodwin. The Arizona conservative accused them of being "soft" on Communism. (1:8)
U.S. and Japan split on fishing treaty. (Pg. 51)
November 14, 1962
The Russians and Cubans submitted a closely guarded proposal to Acting Secretary General Thant yesterday at the United Nations. There was no official comment, but sources said the plan would give neutralist diplomats in Havana a vaguely defined role as observers. It was an apparent substitute for the proposed Red Cross inspection of Cuba-bound ships. (1:8)
Washington officials suggested that Soviet Deputy Premier Mikoyan's lengthy mission in Cuba had become more of a basic survey of political and economic relations than an effort to solve the problem of Soviet weapons. (1:7)
The Administration considered removal of Soviet bombers a minimum condition and doubt that Moscow would give long-term guarantees against a future offensive build-up in Cuba. (3:1)
In his first social outing since the Cuban crisis began, President Kennedy led a wildly cheering audience at the Bolshoi Ballet, then went backstage with Soviet Ambassador Dobrynin to meet the dancers. Mr. Kennedy left early to prepare for talks today with Chancellor Adenauer, who arrived last night. (1:6)
The Budget Bureau forecast the nation's second largest peace-time deficit. Instead of the half-billion-dollar surplus that President Kennedy estimated last January, the bureau predicted the Government would end this fiscal year $7,800,000,000 in the hole. Proposed tax cuts could make the red ink even redder. A 1963-64 deficit is also likely. (1:1)
Six Government economists looked ahead to 1963 and found no recession. But they couldn't find much expansion, either. Their favorite adjectives for the expected economic improvement were "modest" and "moderate." (1:2)
One of the items that helps to swell the Federal budget is the $700,000,000 invested in the Saturn super-booster rocket. Critics in Congress are beginning to ask whether the space agency is getting its money's worth because no specific missions have been set for the huge booster. (24:4)
The space agency named Maj. L. Gordon Cooper, Jr., the only eligible Mercury astronaut who has not flown in space, to make a 24-hour orbital mission. The flight, which will probably be the final Mercury shot, has been put off from February to April. (1:2)
Leonard Sherman, who thought he had $500,000 worth of collector's-item stamps, found himself holding only a $2 sheet of philatelic oddities, 50 misprinted Dag Hammarskjöld stamps. His bonanza evaporated like a dream when the Post Office said it would mass-produce the faulty stamps to prevent "artificially inflated value." (1:3-5)
U. S. recognition of Yemen rebels appears due. (pg. 12)
November 15, 1962
The Kennedy Administration seemed increasingly optimistic yesterday about reaching final agreement with the Kremlin on the Cuban crisis this week. United States officials hope that by tomorrow Moscow will have promised or begun the withdrawal of Soviet jet bombers from Cuba. At the same time, though, the State Department warned that Washington would not tolerate the build-up of military capabilities in Cuba's fishing ports. (1:8)
President Kennedy and Chancellor Adenauer held a day-long round of meetings in Washington that celebrated the alliance of their countries but revealed their differences as personalities. The talks seemed cordial but cool, reflecting what one observer described as "the fact that these two fellows just can't hit it off." (1:5-6)
The United States and the Soviet Union agreed to reopen disarmament negotiations Nov. 26. After days of debate over time and place, the two powers also agreed that the United Nations Disarmament Committee should resume the talks in Geneva. (1:8)
It became known that President Kennedy and his brother, the Attorney General, donate their Government salaries to charity. White House sources said that the President has donated his Government salary to charity since he entered Congress in 1947. (25:1-4)
November 16, 1962
Premier Fidel Castro warned yesterday that Cuba would shoot down United States planes if they continued aerial reconnaissance over Cuba. The warning was contained in a letter to Acting Secretary General Thant, who informed Adlai E. Stevenson of its contents. Informants at the United Nations indicated that Dr. Castro's letter contained other important provisions, but they declined to disclose them in advance of their publication today. (1:8)
Sources in Washington disclosed that Premier Khrushchev, in at least one of several letters to President Kennedy, had set "unacceptable conditions" for the removal of Soviet jet bombers from Cuba. (1:7)
East Germany rejected a plan to permit divided families in East and West Berlin to visit one another during Christmas holiday. (5:4-6)
The United States Court in New Orleans ordered the Justice Department to bring criminal contempt charges against Governor Barnett and Lieutenant Governor Johnson of Mississippi for obstructing Federal orders to admit a Negro to the University of Mississippi. A Justice Department spokesman said the new charges would be filed soon. The charges could involve heavy fines and imprisonment. (1:1)
Secretary of the Treasury Dillon promised a "significant" reduction in the nation's tax burden as part of the Administration's 1963 tax program. He said most of the reduction should apply to individual tax rates. (1:5)
Christian A. Herter, Secretary of State in the Eisenhower Administration, will be appointed chief planner and negotiator for the Kennedy Administration's foreign trade program. The new post was created partly as a gesture to the protectionist opposition. (1:7)
Endicott Peabody, a Democrat, was confirmed as Governor-elect of Massachusetts by a margin of 3,091 votes out of more than 2,000,000 cast. Gov. John A. Volpe, his opponent, will seek a recount. (20:3-6)
Brazil to press for shift of U.S. consul. (pg. 2)
Mongolia assails U.S. bases in U.N. debate. (pg. 6)
U.S. gives state control over food in any war. (pg. 6)
November 17, 1962
The United States said yesterday it would continue its aerial surveillance of Cuba and would take "appropriate measures" to protect the aircraft until the Castro Government agreed to better safeguards against an offensive military build-up in Cuba. The United States also indicated to Moscow that the withdrawal of jet bombers from Cuba had become an urgent matter. The implication was that the United States would soon have to think again in terms of challenging Moscow directly, perhaps by tightening the Cuban blockade. (1:8)
At the United Nations, the United States served notice it would use "all means necessary" to carry out its mandate from the Organization of American States to protect the Western Hemisphere. (2:3; P.2)
A possibly useful result of the Cuban crisis, according to Soviet and Western officials in Moscow, would be a continuing exchange of private letters between Premier Khrushchev and President Kennedy. (1:7)
The American U-2 reconnaissance plane destroyed over Cuba last month may have been shot down by Chinese Communist military technicians firing Soviet-made rockets. Reports in Warsaw said the Chinese had been in Cuba for more than a month. (1:7)
A grand jury in Mississippi was said to have indicted Chief United States Marshal James J. P. McShane on state charges arising from the University of Mississippi riot last Sept. 30. In a public report, the grand jury in Oxford accused him of deliberately inciting the segregation riot by ordering the use of tear gas. (1:1; P.10)
The Justice Department immediately denied the state charges against Mr. McShane and the deputy marshals. Attorney General Kennedy said the grand jury had not considered "all the evidence available." (10:1)
The huge Saturn rocket scored its third straight success as it soared aloft from Cape Canaveral on a 4-minute, 55-second flight. The Saturn is eventually expected to start American spacemen toward the moon. (1:4)
The Post Office Department sold 375,000 deliberately misprinted Dag Hammarskjöld stamps before a New Jersey collector halted the sale with a court order. (27:8)
Freeman scores Common Market on tariffs. (pg. 1)
U.S. aide opposes issuing isolated news items. (pg. 3)
United States to delay recognition of Yemen. (pg. 5)
Peace Corps weighing re-enlistment policy. (pg. 9)
President to tour SAC base on Dec. 7. (pg. 9)
November 18, 1962
After seizing a cache of explosives and incendiary devices in a Manhattan loft, F.B.I. agents arrested three pro-Castro Cubans yesterday on charges of conspiracy to commit sabotage. (1:8)
A United Nations informant said the United States-Soviet negotiations on the Cuban situation were near deadlock. He expressed hope that Soviet First Deputy Premier Mikoyan, who is in Cuba, would come to New York to suggest a fresh approach. (1:6-7)
The new Dulles International Airport, seemingly rising from the Virginia countryside like a soaring white airfoil, was dedicated by President Kennedy. On the platform with the President was former President Eisenhower, in whose Administration the jet-age airport was begun. (1:3-5)
A former foreign aid administrator charged that aid programs had long been hampered by unwarranted White House interference and a consequent loss of public confidence. Dr. D. A. Fitzgerald, deputy aid administrator for about 15 years, asserted that the resignation of Fowler Hamilton as aid chief reflected this situation. (59:1-6)
The Administration, plagued by an expected budget deficit of 7,800,000,000 in the current fiscal year, has ordered major restrictions in all military programs that do not contribute directly to combat readiness. The Administration also is contemplating procurement stretchouts to put off some bills to the next fiscal year. (1:2-3)
Pleased by the success of the Peace Corps overseas, the Administration may ask Congress to set up a domestic Peace Corps. The President named a Cabinet-level committee to study its feasibility. (1:2)
Kennedy sends a warm letter to Adenauer. (pg. 26)
President reminds Frankfurter of history's claim. (pg. 46)
Power of committees curbed Kennedy program. (pg. 66)
November 19, 1962
A landslide victory for President de Gaulle's party was indicated early today in returns from the first round of France's legislative election. (l:8)
The path for a West German Cabinet shift in about 10 days was cleared by Chancellor Adenauer's political aides. The purpose is to drop Franz Josef Strauss as Defense Minister to meet the Free Democrat's price to remain in Bonn's coalition Government. (1:7)
India's Ambassador to the United States, B. K. Nehru, said the border war would "last a long time." He told a television audience that China's main objective was "to destroy the Indian way of life." (3:1)
The Chinese-Indian warfare has caused Pakistan to re-examine her policy of alignment with the West. The reappraisal, according to Pakistan's leaders, is based on Western arms aid to India, a hostile neighbor, and disappointment that the West has failed to press India now to reach a settlement with Pakistan over control of Kashmir. (1:6)
Niels Bohr, one of the world's greatest nuclear scientists, died of a heart attack at his home in Copenhagen. His age was 77. (1:2.-3)
United States-Soviet negotiations on Cuba were continued by John J. McCloy and Soviet First Deputy Foreign Minister Kuznetsov at the Soviet estate in Glen Cove, L.I. The long talk was said to involve a Soviet-Cuban demand that the United States give guarantees against invasion of Cuba. (1:4)
A positive result of the threat generated by Soviet missiles in Cuba, according to Washington officials, was to sharpen the United States' non-military readiness for any emergency. They said no amount of routine training exercises could have produced comparable results. (1:2)
Dennis Chavez, Democratic Senator from New Mexico for 27 years, died in Washington after an 18-month illness. He was 74 years old. (1:3)
The Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., charged that F.B.I. agents in Albany, Ga., were siding with segregationists. (21:2-6)
Japan wins halibut fishing rights in Pacific. (pg. 2)
November 20, 1962
Cuban Premier Fidel Castro opened the door early today to a solution of one of the principal remaining obstacles to a final settlement of the Cuban crisis. He informed the United Nations that he would not object should the Soviet Union decide to remove the jet bombers it had sent to Cuba. The Premier said they were obsolete, anyhow. (1:8)
Mr. Nehru sent President Kennedy an urgent letter describing India's plight and, in effect, appealing for more arms aid by stressing India's emergency defense needs. (1:2-3)
Chinese Premier Chou En-Lai ruled out any third-party mediation and warned that American aid to India would enlarge the area of conflict. (1:3)
The President's Advisory Committee on Labor-Management policy called for "prompt and significant" personal and corporate income tax cuts. Most favored a $10,000,000,000 reduction. All felt there should be thorough tax reform, too, but that it should not delay tax reduction. (1:6-7; P. 22)
Chairman Minow of the F.C.C. entered the controversy over Alger Hiss's appearance on an A.B.C. telecast about Mr. Nixon. He defended the network's right to interview Hiss and criticized sponsors who try to influence news programs with "commercial reprisals." He clearly meant two companies that sought to cancel advertising contracts with A.B.C. after Hiss appeared. (24:3)
New U.S. chief for Berlin forces named. (pg. 7)
U.S. says tariff talks must cover farm prices. (pg. 11)
Harvard dean considered for U.S. education post. (pg. 25)
November 21, 1962
President Kennedy announced at his news conference last night that he had ordered the lifting of the naval blockade around Cuba. He did this, he explained, because Premier Khrushchev had told him that all Soviet jet bombers would be withdrawn from Cuba within 30 days. The President said the Soviet move had "gone a long way toward reducing the dangers which faced this hemisphere four weeks ago." But he stressed that the issues of ground inspection of Cuba and safeguards against the return of offensive weapons remain to be settled. (1:8)
The Chinese Communists announced they would cease fire along the Indian border at 11 o'clock this morning, New York time. Peking also said that, beginning Dec. 1, it would withdraw its troops to positions about 122 miles "behind the lines of actual control which existed between China and India," on Nov. 7, 1959. The Chinese said the move was intended to reverse the present border situation and aid settlement of the territorial dispute. (1:1; P. 2)
India reacted cautiously. The Government said it would "respond positively" to the Chinese plan, if it met India's conditions for ending hostilities. New Delhi withheld further comment pending receipt of Peking's statement. Unofficially, some Government quarters termed the plan "diabolical." (1:2)
A team of American officials, led by W. Averell Harriman, will fly to India to assess her defense needs. (1:3)
By a "stroke of the pen," the President acted to bar racial and religious discrimination in housing built or purchased with Federal aid. He told his new conference that he had signed an executive order, effective immediately, which carries out a 1960 campaign pledge. The directive covers housing financed by Federal loans or grants and by loans backed up by Government agencies. It also applies to housing in future urban renewal and public low-rent projects. (1:4)
In reference to the Government's tightening of news policies in the Cuban crisis, the President said he was now willing to order a relaxation of recent curbs on contracts between newsmen and Defense and State Department officials. (1:6-7)
Mr. Kennedy also indicated a modest confidence that his program would fare better in the new Congress. But he said his view of the election results would hinge mainly on whatever amount of Democratic unity and Republican help is forthcoming. (19:2)
Court is told Walker guided Mississippi rioters. (pg. 18)
U.S. resumes selling misprinted stamps. (pg. 26)
November 22, 1962
Communist China announced early today that its promised cease-fire had gone into effect along the China-India border. Word of the truce was reported by Hsinhua, the Chinese Communist press agency. The Chinese action was confirmed by Prime Minister Nehru in an announcement to the Indian Parliament. Before the cease-fire went into effect, the Chinese forces were said to have made substantial gains along the northeastern sector of the border. (1:8)
Earlier, the United States announced it was sending 12 turbo-jet transport planes, with 160 American airmen aboard, to India to assist her in the fighting. (1:6-7)
United States specialists believe that Communist China has already achieved its primary goal in the border war. This goal, they say, was to force India to acknowledge China's possession of a strategic area of Ladakh where the Chinese have built a vital road linking western Tibet to China. (3:5-6)
With the Cuba crisis eased, the United States began dismantling its air and sea blockade forces. The Pentagon ordered the release of 14,200 Air Force Reservists who were called to active duty last month, but Navy patrol planes were assigned to verify Moscow's pledge to withdraw jet bombers from Cuba. (1:5)
The Soviet bloc ended the alert status of its forces. (10:3-5)
In the new phase of the Cuban problem the United States hopes to encourage the decline of Premier Fidel Castro's prestige at home and internationally. Washington still insists that he submit to international inspection of the removal of Soviet weapons and will press for a system to assure that such weapons are not reintroduced. (1:4)
Chief United States Marshal James P. McShane surrendered in Oxford, Miss., on a warrant charging him with "inciting" the segregation riots at the University of Mississippi Sept. 30. He was released on a writ of habeas corpus by a judge who earlier ruled that former Maj. Gen. Edwin A. Walker was mentally competent to stand trial for his role in the rioting. (1:2-3)
As the new executive order against discrimination in housing went into effect, the Administration was confident it would have tangible though not revolutionary effect. Southern Senators assailed the order as "absolutely unconstitutional" and "a grave disservice" to the nation's economy. (1:1)
United States seeking a basis for Yemen peace. (pg. 1)
November 23, 1962
United States officials were wary of the Chinese-Indian cease-fire, observing that Peking's withdrawal program would leave the Chinese in control of broad areas claimed by India. Washington believes that hostilities may resume, may continue for a long time and may grow into an all-out war. (1:6-7)
Pakistan's bitterness over Western military aid to India was confirmed by Foreign Minister Mohammad Ali. He formally announced that Pakistan would follow an increasingly neutralist foreign policy. (1:8)
President Kennedy will confer in Hyannis Port, Mass., today with the executive committee of the National Security Council on what is termed "a general review of the Cuban situation." The President and his top advisers are now shaping policies in the aftermath of the withdrawal of Soviet missiles from Cuba and the pledged withdrawal of Soviet jet bombers. (1:4)
Rene Coty, second and last president of France's Fourth Republic, died at his home in Le Havre. His age was 80. In 1958 he pressed for the recall of General de Gaulle, as the one man who could save France from civil war. (29:1-2)
President Kennedy, who spent the holiday with his family at Hyannis Port, Mass., gave a good many people special reason to be thankful. He ordered that 1963 insurance dividends to veterans be paid early in January, and he directed that all Federal employees who could be spared from duty should have a holiday on Monday, Dec. 24, without loss of pay. The President also commuted the prison sentences of seven persons and granted full pardons to five persons, including Matthew J. Connelly, former assistant to President Truman. (1:2-3)
In a report to the President, the Atomic Energy Commission said that atomic power was on the threshold of producing electricity economically. The commission predicted that by 2000 atomic power would be generating about half the electricity in the nation. (1:2)
President Kennedy announced the reappointment of Robert M. Morgenthau as United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York. Mr. Morgenthau left the post to run for Governor, but lost to Governor Rockefeller by 518,000 votes. (1:2-3)
November 24, 1962
Against the background of an uneasy cease-fire, Indian leaders held day-long talks yesterday with United States and British officials on India's defense preparations for possible renewed fighting with Communist China. Twelve American transport planes, carrying United States Air Force crews, arrived in New Delhi. Ambassador Galbraith said the crews would ferry Indian troops and arms into forward areas but not into combat zones. (1:8)
President Kennedy conferred with the Executive Committee of the National Security Council on Cape Cod. The results of the talks were not disclosed. (1:7)
President Kennedy and Prime Minister Macmillan have agreed to meet "some time soon." The talks may take place during the Christmas holidays in Bermuda where the two leaders met last December. (1:6)
A United Air Lines Viscount plummeted from a sunny sky over Ellicott City, Md., and crashed in woods, killing all 17 persons aboard. (1:2)
President Kennedy has defended the Administration's policy of permitting United States astronauts to sell their personal stories for profit. In a letter to an editor, the President said the "policy decision was reached only after most careful review of all the facts and lengthy consultations both within and without the Government." (1:2)
Francis Keppel, a Harvard dean, will be named Federal Commissioner of Education in the next few days. The post has been vacant since early September. (11:5)
U. S. may release film on Mrs. Kennedy's tour. (pg. 14)
November 25, 1962
Arthur Dean said that the United States was "very willing" to examine any new Soviet proposals for a nuclear test-ban treaty but that Washington was skeptical of Moscow's hints that robot stations for recording earth tremors might be a solution. The United States negotiator arrived in Geneva for the arms talks, which resume tomorrow after an 11-week recess. (1:5-6)
The Kennedy Administration is convinced that now in the wake of the Soviet withdrawal of offensive weapons from Cuba, is the time to reinvigorate the Atlantic alliance. At the NATO ministers' meeting in Paris next month, the United States will press to increase Western military forces in Europe, to move troops eastward in a "forward strategy" and to obtain greater financial participation by its allies. (1:6)
In recent talks in Washington, President Kennedy urged Chancellor Adenauer to support a build-up of NATO's conventional armed strength. (23:1)
The Pentagon awarded the development contract in a multi-billion-dollar aircraft program to the General Dynamics Corporation, with the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation as an associate. The contract calls for developing a revolutionary type of supersonic jet fighter for land bases and aircraft carriers. Pentagon officials did not indicate the total cost of the program but termed it bigger than "any fighter aircraft program since World War II in both numbers and dollars." (1:1)
It will increase jobs in Bethpage, L. I., and Fort Worth, Tex., and many other communities. (40:3-4)
President Kennedy will visit several military installations in Georgia and Florida tomorrow to review and thank many of the units alerted during the Cuban crisis. Many of these units will soon be returning to their home bases. (1:5)
For the PresidentÃs children, this week is birthday time. John F. Kennedy, JR., is 2 years old today and Caroline will be 5 on Tuesday. To commemorate the occasion, the White House released two informal photographs of the children. (1:2-5)
November 26, 1962
President Kennedy, in a message to the disarmament conference in Geneva, said the "moment may be at hand to initiate the beginning of the end" of arms competition. (1:6)
India was under heavy pressure by nonaligned nations to accept Communist China's peace terms or at least to seek a compromise. But Prime Minister Nehru appeared virtually certain to reject Peking's plan on the ground it would bar India from land she claims in Ladakh. (1:1)
November 27, 1962
Anastas I. Mikoyan ended his long Cuban mission yesterday and flew to New York, where he and United States negotiators dined as guests of Acting Secretary General Thant of the United Nations. The soviet Deputy Premier said he hoped agreement on Cuba between President Kennedy and Premier Khrushchev would lead to other settlements. (1:8)
At the dinner the Americans raised two chief issues: Verification of the removal of Soviet offensive weapons from Cuba and measures to block new ones. (1:8)
Earlier, Washington rejected a demand by Premier Castro that it dismantle alleged anti-Castro training bases on American soil in return for on-site inspection in Cuba. (1:7)
An expected breakthrough to substantive disarmament talks evidently failed to materialize at Geneva. Arthur H. Dean of the United States reported "no apparent change" in Soviet opposition to controls. (1:7)
President Kennedy appeared not to mind the bright but 38-degree Georgia morning, as, typically bareheaded and coatless, he began a day-long inspection tour of Southern-based armed forces that played leading roles in the Cuban crisis. Later, in Florida, he decorated Air Force, Navy and Marine air units for taking the photos that disclosed the Soviet offensive arms buildup in Cuba. (1:6)
The Pentagon authorized a temporary 20,000-man increase in Army strength by June 30. Slightly higher draft calls in the next six months will help raise the Army's total manpower to 980 thousand. (3:5)
Kennedy suggests steps toward Yemen accord. (pg. 1)
Hundreds arrested in Guatemala after revolt. (pg. 6)
November 28, 1962
President Kennedy received a stream of high-level visitors yesterday. One was Foreign Minister Spaak of Belgium, who joined the President in threatening the Congo's secessionist Katanga Province with "severe economic measures," unless unification progress is made soon. (1:8)
Red-carpet treatment greeted Premier Abirashid Ali Shermarke of the Somali Republic. Mr. Kennedy spent several hours with him, underscoring growing American interest in East Africa. (10:4)
The President also saw Adlai E. Stevenson and John McCloy, who briefed him on their talks with Moscow's Anastas I. Mikoyan. Tomorrow the Russian official will confer with Mr. Kennedy on Cuba and other issues. (1:4)
On Dec. 19 and 20, the President and Prime Minister Macmillan will meet in the Bahamas for talks on such problems as Berlin, the Congo and India. (5:5)
Washington learned that India has shifted at least half her Pakistan border troops to help fight Chinese forces in northern frontier regions. A New Delhi report said India was planning a great expansion of her 600,000 man army, even though the strain on her economy would be severe. (1:5)
Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands died "quietly and peacefully" at Apeldoorn, according to an announcement by the private secretary of her daughter, Queen Juliana. She was 82 years old and had ruled the country for 50 years. (1:4-5)
To allay Soviet fears of espionage the United States is reported ready to propose limiting the number of inspection posts to police a nuclear test ban on Russian soil. (1:8)
East Germany is expected to let West Berliners enter East Berlin to visit relatives by mid-December. (1:6-7)
Chancellor Adenauer's own party told him it wants him to retire in the middle of next year. He replied only that he does not want to fight the next election in 1965. (1:7)
Pressed by budgetary and technical problems, the civilian space agency has been forced to postpone the first manned flight of the two-man Gemini spacecraft until 1964. Also for lack of money, the agency is considering scrapping its plan for a space rendezvous between the Gemini capsule and an orbiting Agena B. rocket. (1:3)
The Pentagon set up a new mapping unit in the Defense Intelligence Agency. This emphasized the continuing centralization of military intelligence despite the past misgivings of many military men. (4:3)
A Pentagon aide said there were no plans to emulate an action yesterday by the State Department, which revoked a Cuban-crisis order that officials must report on interviews with newsmen. (4:6)
The proposed merger of American Airlines and Eastern Air Lines was disapproved by a Civil Aeronautics Board examiner. He said it would create a monopoly. The recommendation, which now goes to a five-man board and ultimately to President Kennedy, promises to be hotly contested. (1:2)
Kennedy urged to push aid to vocational study. (pg. 45)
November 29, 1962
A United States Soviet talk on the Cuban situation yesterday ended with Soviet agreement to the election of U Thant to a full term as United Nations Secretary General. Informants said Anastas I. Mikoyan and other Soviet representatives at the three-hour conference at the Soviet U. N. mission had agreed that Mr. Thant's re-election should not be contingent on a final settlement on Cuba. (1:8)
W. Averell Harriman flew from New Delhi to Rawalpindi to seek Pakistan's support against Communist China's threat to South Asia. The Assistant Secretary of State, who has been assessing India's military capabilities, seemed determined to convince PakistanÃs leaders that China's invasion of India also posed a peril to Pakistan. (1:7)
The Federal Court of Appeals in Chicago upheld the right of the railroads to make sweeping changes in work rules to eliminate "feather-bedding." The court rejected an appeal by five rail unions for an injunction against the changes, which would involve the immediate dismissal of 13,000 firemen the railroads contend are not needed. If a strike is set, President Kennedy is expected to appoint an emergency fact-finding board that Mr. Kennedy named an investigating panel. After receiving the board's report, due by Monday, he is expected to seek an injunction to halt the walkout for 80 days. (1:2)
The President named Budget Director David E. Bell to be foreign-aid administrator and designated Kermit Gordon, a member of Mr. Kennedy's Council of Economic Advisers, as the new budget director. Mr. Bell will take over from Fowler Hamilton, whose resignation takes effect next month. (1:4)
Next summer the nation's householders will receive post office notices of their "zip code" numbers. The new code system, named for zone improvement plan, will speed mail sorting and delivery. (39:1)
U. S. clarifies policy on export of reactors. (pg. 15)
November 30, 1962
Pressed by Chinese Communist occupation of her northern frontiers, India agreed yesterday to negotiate her 15-year dispute with Pakistan over possession of the state of Kashmir. The agreement was a major victory for Pakistan, which has been seeking negotiations for years. It was signed by Prime Minister Nehru and President Ayub Khan after a week of intensive talks with Duncan Sandys of Britain and W. Averell Harriman. The accord, though of major importance, was regarded as only a gateway to a rugged diplomatic road. (1:8)
Another result of the Chinese invasion was a vote by India at the United Nations to bar Communist China from an international atomic energy conference to be held in 1964. India's support of the Western position was a striking shift in attitude, since she had previously supported Peking's attendance at all international meetings. (1:8)
President Kennedy and Anastas I. Mikoyan held an apparently inconclusive conference on Cuba and other cold war issues. The atmosphere of the three-hour White House talk appeared amiable, but no real progress was reported. Negotiations on Cuba will continue at the U. N. (1:4)
In notes to the Western powers, the Kremlin declared it still regarded a settlement on Berlin as an urgent matter. (1:6-7)
A "maximum" alert of the Air Force missile crews, handling nuclear weapons, was one of the many military precautions taken by the Pentagon in the Cuban crisis. In disclosing the heretofore secret precautions, the Pentagon said it had mobilized more than 300,000 men, alerted five Army divisions and deployed 180 ships around Cuba. (1:5)
Striking machinists of the Lockheed Aircraft Corporation returned to work at Government request, but they said the dispute that caused the two-day walkout -- the union shop -- was far from over. The work-resumption agreement came after President Kennedy invoked the Taft-Hartley Law and set up a special board of inquiry. (1:2)
President and Mrs. Kennedy headed a cast of 100 political and cultural stars in a closed-circuit show televised from five cities and beamed to 75 cities. The show opened a $30,000,000 fund-raising campaign for Washington's National Cultural Center, which is slated to open by early 1966. (1:3-4)