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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-097-011
This folder contains Department of State telegrams regarding the United States, Soviet Union, and Berlin. Topics include Berlin contingency planning, TTD (temporary travel document) policy and discussions on civilian traffic between East and West Germany, the shooting of a refugee at the Berlin Wall and the refusal of East German guards to permit entry to a British ambulance; and a plebiscite proposal for West Berlin. Of note is a draft of a memorandum of conversation between West Germany Mayor Willy Brandt and President John F. Kennedy discussing Berlin.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-097-010
This folder contains Department of State telegrams regarding the United States, Soviet Union, and Berlin. Topics include the possible withdrawal of a U.S. garrison in Berlin; TTD (temporary travel document) policy discussions; incidents in the Berlin air corridor between the Soviet Union and Allied aircraft; an upcoming trip to Washington, D.C. by Mayor of West Berlin Willy Brandt; and the right of asylum for East German refugees. Of note is a background paper by the Department of State and U.S. Information Agency (USIA) titled, “Berlin in Brief.”
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-097-009
This folder contains Department of State telegrams regarding the United States, Soviet Union, and Berlin. Topics include TTD (temporary travel document) policy discussions, the use of armored vehicles (APCs) in the transport of Soviet guards to the war memorial in West Berlin, and the North Atlantic Council (NAC) and Berlin contingency planning.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-097-008
This folder contains Department of State telegrams regarding the United States, Soviet Union, and Berlin. Topics include air corridor violations; guidelines for assisting East German refugees injured at the Berlin Wall; meetings between the Berlin Commandants for the United States, Great Britain, and France; and the use of armored vehicles (APCs) in the transport of Soviet guards to the war memorial in West Berlin.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-097-007
This folder contains Department of State telegrams regarding the United States, Soviet Union, and Berlin. Topics include assistance by the Red Cross for East German refugees injured at the Berlin Wall, air corridor violations, and entry points and the use of armored vehicles (APCs) in the transport of Soviet guards to the war memorial in West Berlin.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-097-006
This folder contains Department of State telegrams regarding the United States, Soviet Union, and Berlin. Topics include protocol for East German refugees injured at the Berlin Wall, channels of communication between Allies and the Soviets, and the use of armored vehicles (APCs) to transport Soviet guards to the war memorial in West Berlin.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-097-005
This folder contains Department of State telegrams regarding the United States, Soviet Union, and Berlin. Topics include the closure of the Soviet Commandant’s office in East Berlin and the effect on Allied communication with the Soviets, travel regulations for West Germans, violence against East German refugees by East German guards at the Berlin Wall, and the use of Soviet armored vehicles (APCs) in West Berlin.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-097-004
This folder contains Department of State telegrams regarding the United States, Soviet Union, and Berlin. Topics include closure of the Soviet Commandant’s office in East Berlin, procedures for handling armed Soviet Union personnel traveling to a Soviet war memorial in West Berlin, guidance for protocol at checkpoints, air corridor violations, and the use of escorts for Allied vehicles in East Berlin and on the Autobahn.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-097-003
This folder contains Department of State telegrams regarding the United States, Soviet Union, and Berlin. Topics include travel regulations for East German scientists and professors, demonstrations in West Berlin at the Berlin Wall and various points along the border, the shooting of East German refugee Peter Fechter by East German guards at the Berlin Wall, closure of the Soviet Commandant’s office in East Berlin, and regulations for the firing of weapons at the East Berlin border.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-097-002
This folder contains Department of State telegrams regarding the United States, Soviet Union, and Berlin. Topics include U.S. helicopter flights over East Berlin, observances for the one year anniversary of the construction of the Berlin Wall, potential travel requirements by the Germany (Democratic Republic), and protocols for air corridor use. Of note are telegrams regarding an effort by CBS (Columbia Broadcasting System) to film an attempted escape of East Berlin refugees via a tunnel.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-097-001
This folder contains Department of State telegrams regarding the United States, Soviet Union, and Berlin. Topics include U.S. helicopter flights over East Berlin, U.S. and Soviet Union flights over the Berlin Central Zone, a potential Soviet Union-Germany (Democratic Republic) peace treaty, and travel documents for an East German crew on a train to Austria. Also included in this folder is a draft of a paper titled, “Air Access Contingency Planning Resume for Measures Not Involving Use of Force.” Of note are telegrams regarding the one year anniversary of the construction of the Berlin Wall.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-085-002
This folder contains memoranda regarding the United States, Soviet Union, and Berlin including a review of Berlin contingency planning and a record of a meeting between President John F. Kennedy and West Berlin Mayor Willy Brandt. Of note are memoranda and papers regarding a potential effect on West Berlin of the Soviet Union build-up in Cuba (also known as the Cuban Missile Crisis) including a blockade by the Soviet Union, inspections of allied traffic into Berlin by the Soviet Union and Germany (Democratic Republic), and immediate military preparations for Berlin.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-085-001
This folder contains memoranda and telegrams regarding the United States, Soviet Union, and Berlin. Topics include the potential integration of West Berlin into the Federal Republic of Germany (also known as the Eleventh Land concept); the probable character of an air corridor contest between the Soviet Union and Germany (Democratic Republic), and the U.S., France, and Great Britain; an intelligence assessment of Soviet Union intentions for Berlin; and the closure of the Soviet Commandant’s office in East Berlin. Also included in this folder is a paper expressing the views of the Departments of State and Defense and the Joint Chiefs of Staff titled, “The Preferred Sequence of Military Actions in a Berlin Conflict.”
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-084-008
This folder contains memoranda and telegrams regarding the United States, Soviet Union, and Berlin. Topics include U.S. helicopter flights over East Berlin, contingency plans for a Soviet Union-Germany (Democratic Republic) peace treaty and a review by the quadripartite powers, closure of the Soviet Commandant’s office in East Berlin, and U.S. intelligence assessments of Soviet Union activities in Berlin. Of note are memoranda regarding the shooting of East German refugee Peter Fechter by guards at the Berlin Wall near Checkpoint Charlie and subsequent demonstrations in West Berlin.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-081a-008
This file contains a report to President John F. Kennedy from Henry Kissinger, consultant to the National Security Council (NSC), discussing the situation in Berlin including contingency planning, relations between the United States and Soviet Union, and the role of the United Nations.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-075a-001
This file contains memoranda and Department of State telegrams regarding Germany. Subjects include trade, Berlin, Chancellor of German Konrad Adenauer and the political climate, and relations with France and the United States. Also included are numerous Memoranda of Conversations between various U.S. and German officials, including President John F. Kennedy and German Defense Minister Franz Josef Strauss, discussing Berlin, disarmament, NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), and the Soviet Union.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-075-002
This file contains memoranda and Department of State telegrams regarding relations between the United States and Germany including the sale of military equipment to Germany and the U.S. balance of payments. Also included are numerous Memoranda of Conversations between various U.S. and German officials, including President John F. Kennedy, German Ambassador to the United States Wilhelm G. Grewe, Chairman of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) Erich Mende, and Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara, discussing Berlin, disarmament, and the purchase of UN (United Nations) bonds and vested assets.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-183-001
This folder contains correspondence between President John F. Kennedy and Soviet Union Premier Nikita Khrushchev. Topics include relations between the United States and Soviet Union, Berlin and German unification, disarmament, nuclear testing, Laos, space flights, and the Bay of Pigs invasion. Also included in this folder are letters from Premier Khrushchev to President Dwight D. Eisenhower and John J. McCloy, Advisor to President Kennedy on Disarmament. This folder contains some Russian-language material.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-170-004
This file contains memoranda and Department of State telegrams regarding relations between the United States and Great Britain, including negotiations for aviation routes to the Caribbean, Berlin, and a summary of a conversation on various topics between President John F. Kennedy and British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan. Also included are copies of correspondence between President Kennedy and Prime Minister Macmillan, and a birthday message from the President to Queen Elizabeth II.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. National Security Files
JFKNSF-070-001
This folder contains telegrams and memoranda regarding Finland and its relations with the Soviet Union and United States including communism, policy towards the Soviet Union, and a visit by President Urho Kekkonen to the United States. Also included in this folder are memoranda of conversations between President Kekkonen, Secretary of State Dean Rusk, and President Kennedy discussing nuclear testing by the Soviet Union, Berlin, and Germany (Federal Republic).
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Kennedy Family Collection
KFC-042-001
This photograph album, compiled by Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, documents her travels as a young woman, specifically a 1911 Boston Chamber of Commerce trip to Europe, as well as later social activities and family vacations during the first several years of her marriage to Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr. Photographs of the Boston Chamber of Commerce trip, on which Rose and her sister, Agnes, accompanied their father, then-Mayor of Boston, John F. "Honey Fitz" Fitzgerald, capture the trans-Atlantic voyage aboard the R.M.S. Franconia, as well as numerous travel destinations, including Ireland, England, Belgium, France, Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Cities that are pictured include London, England; Paris, France; Hamburg, Dresden, Nuremberg, and Berlin, Germany; and Vienna, Austria. Other locations and landmarks pictured include the Eiffel Tower and the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, the Loreley Rock in Germany, the Rhine River, and the Alps. Later photographs, dated between 1916 and 1923, document Fitzgerald and Kennedy family vacations in Palm Beach, Florida, and Poland Spring, Maine, as well as other events and activities. Of note are photographs of Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr., as a baby at the Kennedy family home on Beals Street in Brookline, Massachusetts; of Rose's brother, Thomas A. Fitzgerald, posing in military dress; and of a Cecilian Guild picnic in June 1921. Others who appear in the album include Rose's mother, Mary Josephine Hannon Fitzgerald; her brothers, John F. Fitzgerald, Jr., and Frederick H. Fitzgerald; and family friends and associates, including Sir Thomas Lipton; John Hays Hammond, Sr.; Francis Abott Goodhue, Jr.; Lillian M. "Lilla" Morrison; and Hugh Nawn. Original handwritten captions are written in white ink on the leaves beneath many photographs, or in black ink and pencil on the rectos of some photographs. Some photographs, including five full panoramic views, were printed on postcard stock. This photograph album contains 171 photographic prints.
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Kennedy Family Collection
KFC-058-001
This photograph album, compiled by Kathleen "Kick" Kennedy, documents her life during the years 1935 to 1937, when she spent time abroad attending the Holy Child School in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France, and traveling with family and friends before returning to the United States to complete her education at the Noroton School of the Convent of the Sacred Heart in Noroton Heights, Connecticut. The stamped title on the cover reads, “Pictures.” Photographs capture her time spent in Gstaad, Switzerland, for the 1935 Christmas holiday; sightseeing in Paris, France; a tour of Italy with friends from March to April 1936; a trip to Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg) and Moscow, Russia, with her mother, Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, in May 1936; a visit to England with friends in June 1936; sailing on Cape Cod in the summer of 1936; Christmas in Palm Beach, Florida, in 1936; and a trip to Ireland and Scotland with her brother, Joseph P. "Joe" Kennedy, Jr., in August 1937. Also included are numerous photographs of Kathleen and her classmates at both the Holy Child School and the Noroton School. Of note are photographs of Prime Minister of Italy, Benito Mussolini; Nazi soldiers marching in Berlin, Germany; Michelangelo’s David statue at its original location in Florence, Italy; Mt. Vesuvius and the ruins at Pompeii, Italy; and Kathleen kissing the Blarney Stone at Blarney Castle in Ireland. Other Kennedy family members, friends, and classmates of Kathleen’s pictured include Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr.; John F. Kennedy; Rosemary Kennedy; Eunice Kennedy; Patricia Kennedy; Robert F. Kennedy; Jean Kennedy; Edward M. Kennedy; Alexander William Guy “Alex” de Pourtales; Eleanor “Ellie” Hoguet; Derek Richardson; Frederick Sinclair “Freddy” Carson; Lawrence “Larry” Wilkinson; Anne McDonnell; Charlotte McDonnell; Torbert “Torb” Macdonald; Sir James Calder; Lady Mildred Calder; Jim McColl; Kirk LeMoyne “Lem” Billings; Ralph “Rip” Horton; Elizabeth “Betty” Rice; Mary Veronica “Von” Rice; Sonio Coletti-Petrucca; Allison Garver; and Edith Garver. This photograph album contains 331 photographic prints.
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William J. Hartigan Personal Papers
WJHPP-026-009
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. President's Office Files.
JFKPOF-029-004
This folder consists of correspondence collected by the office of President John F. Kennedy's secretary, Evelyn Lincoln, with and concerning General Lucius D. Clay. Materials consist primarily of staff memorandums offering views and advice on Clay's assignment as Personal Representative to the President on the United States Mission to Berlin. Items include a report on the scope and distribution of United States military and economic assistance programs from the Committee to Strengthen the Security of the Free World, of which Clay was a member. Staff memorandums on the report and subsequent meetings between President Kennedy and Clay are also included. Correspondence between President Kennedy and Clay is found throughout.
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Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. President's Office Files.
JFKPOF-035-031
This folder contains materials collected by the office of President John F. Kennedy's secretary, Evelyn Lincoln, concerning President Kennedy's speech addressed to the American people regarding the impending possibility of war between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR) over the crisis in Berlin, Germany. In his speech the President addresses the Soviet Union's attempts to cut off America's access to West Berlin, thus making it impossible to secure freedom from communism for the people of Berlin. The President goes on to discuss the imminent threat of nuclear war and his plan to increase funding and manpower for the military, provide appropriate communications for air raid warnings, and ensure that all Americans have access to fall-out shelters should a nuclear holocaust occur. Materials in this folder include various memoranda and a draft, reading copy, and press copy of the President's speech. Of note is the President's notebook, which includes handwritten notations regarding the address.