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Oral history
John F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
JFKOH-EHB-01
Blaik discusses John F. Kennedy's (JFK) love of football, civil rights arbitration in Birmingham, Alabama, and JFK’s views on the system of appointments to West Point, among other issues.
Oral history
John F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
JFKOH-JRL-01
In this interview Lewis discusses President John F. Kennedy on civil rights; Robert F. Kennedy [RFK] as Attorney General and civil rights; working on RFK’s 1968 presidential campaign; RFK’s assassination, 1968; J. Edgar Hoover and FBI investigations of the civil rights movement; discrimination, hatred, and violence; and the march from Selma to Montgomery and “Bloody Sunday,” 1965, among other issues.
Oral history
John F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
JFKOH-RFK-07
In this interview Robert F. Kennedy [RFK] and Marshall discuss the very limited proposal for voting rights legislation before the demonstrations in Birmingham, Alabama; how civil rights groups did not always understand politics or how to get things through Congress; John F. Kennedy [JFK] trying to explain political difficulties to civil rights leaders; meetings on civil rights legislation and the strategy for getting the votes for a civil rights bill in both houses of Congress; RFK’s disagreements with Lyndon B. Johnson on civil rights legislation; RFK, the Justice Department, and the reapportionment cases; RFK’s meeting with James Baldwin and the subsequent attack on RFK in the press; JFK’s role in the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, 1963; speeches at the March on Washington; George Wallace, Alabama state troopers, and the investigation into the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing in Birmingham, September, 1963; and JFK, James J. Delaney, and the issue of aid to church schools, among other issues.
Oral history
John F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
JFKOH-RFK-06
In this interview Robert F. Kennedy [RFK] and Marshall discuss civil rights legislation, and how it was innovative and yet inevitable; meetings between RFK and businessmen on civil rights legislation; RFK’s unintentional intimidation of the businessmen based on his history with Senate hearings on labor; attempting to put leadership in the community (North and South) to deal with the problem of segregation and other racial discrimination; hostile treatment of RFK in Alabama; working with the NAACP on school desegregation; the desegregation of the University of Alabama, and the question of if and how to bring in troops to help; and using the incident at the University of Alabama as a political stepping stone, among other issues.
Oral history
John F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
JFKOH-RFK-05
In this interview Robert F. Kennedy [RFK] and Marshall discuss how John F. Kennedy [JFK] and RFK grew increasingly more involved with and concerned about civil rights; getting Martin Luther King out of jail during JFK’s 1960 campaign; civil rights advisers during JFK’s 1960 campaign; RFK becoming Attorney General amidst the civil rights battle and the transitional period in the Department of Justice [DOJ]; how Marshall got his position in the DOJ; the struggle over school desegregation; the New Orleans school crisis of February 1961; the Freedom Riders and violence against them; sending federal marshals to Alabama; trying to find a bus driver to get the Freedom Riders out of Birmingham, Alabama; criticism of RFK’s response to the Freedom Riders; how Freedom Riders were arrested and threatened in Mississippi; African-American voting rights in the South and DOJ authority; difficulties with judges; Supreme Court appointments; the FBI and organized crime; reorganization of the DOJ; RFK’s interactions with the FBI and J. Edgar Hoover after JFK’s death; Hoover’s allegations about JFK and the Kennedy family; the alleged FBI wiretapping of officials; JFK’s opinion of Hoover; FBI press releases; connecting the civil rights movement with communism to discredit it; FBI involvement in civil rights matters; issues with the FBI as having civilian control of a police force; JFK’s communication with King and other civil rights leaders; civil rights legislation; the issue of equal employment; the Civil Rights Commission; and violence against African Americans in Birmingham in the spring of 1963, among other issues.
Oral history
John F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
JFKOH-RFK-02
In this interview Robert F. Kennedy [RFK] discusses the 1961 Berlin crisis; American forces, military and diplomatic, in Germany; John F. Kennedy’s [JFK] recommendation for Americans to have fallout shelters; nuclear testing; problems with the Department of State; the start of the conflict in Vietnam, 1961; the Department of Justice under RFK and organized crime; RFK’s difficult relationship with J. Edgar Hoover; the wiretapping bill; new federal judgeships in 1961 and other presidential appointments; the Alliance for Progress; Red China; crises during JFK’s presidency and how he was an optimist; RFK’s move for an income tax increase during the Berlin crisis; RFK’s disagreements with President JFK; indecisiveness over picking JFK’s running mate, 1960; the missile gap; fighting and UN operations in the Congo; Nikita S. Khrushchev’s speeches; RFK’s 1962 trip to Japan, Indonesia, Germany, and other countries; the release of Allen L. Pope; Dutch disputes in Southeast Asia; the 1961 crisis in the Dominican Republic and the assassination of Rafael Leonidas Trujillo Molina; the 1962 disarmament conference in Geneva; Edward M. Kennedy’s 1962 campaign for U.S. Senate; the Kennedy family national and political reputation; the Justice Department under RFK and civil rights; and the 1962 steel crisis, among other issues.
Oral history
John F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
JFKOH-REJ-01
This interview focuses on John F. Kennedy’s [JFK] time in the House of Representatives, personal relations with JFK, and involvement in JFK’s 1960 campaign, among other things.
Oral history
John F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
JFKOH-JLF-02
Farmer discusses the Freedom Rides, the JFK administration and civil rights legislation, and Farmer’s support for RFK in New York, among other issues.
Oral history
Robert F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
RFKOH-JTC-03
In this interview Conway discusses getting Martin Luther King out of jail in Birmingham, Alabama, in 1963; Robert F. Kennedy’s [RFK] view of King and his actions; the March on Washington; working with RFK and the Justice Department on civil rights legislation; Walter Reuther; Conway’s decision to leave John F. Kennedy’s Administration and working on legislation from the outside; the Community Action Program; working with Senator RFK during the Johnson Administration; Senator RFK’s involvement in the labor movement; Jesse M. Unruh, RFK, and the 1968 California presidential primary; Department of Urban Affairs legislation; getting accelerated public works legislation through Congress; Housing and Home Finance Agency staff members; and the attempt to pick up congressional seats in 1962 and 1964, among other issues.
Oral history
John F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
JFKOH-GCW-01
Administration, his thoughts regarding JFK on a personal level, and his opinion on federal jurisdiction. He addresses civil rights, the integration of schools, and voting, among other issues.
Oral history
John F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
JFKOH-JMP-01
This interview focuses on John F. Kennedy’s 1960 campaign in Alabama, the Kennedy administration’s stance on civil rights, and the 1961 riots following the arrival of the Freedom Riders in Alabama, among other topics.
Sound recording
Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. President's Office Files.
JFKPOF-TPH-04A-2
Sound recording of a telephone conversation held in September 1962 between President John F. Kennedy and Special Counsel to the President Theodore C. Sorensen. They comment on campaigning Alabama Republicans, and President Kennedy asks for thoughts on a speech about the Mississippi crisis.The recording begins in mid-conversation and ends abruptly. Machine noise follows the conversation, and then Personal Secretary Evelyn Lincoln answers the telephone.
Transcript included. This sound recording was originally recorded on Dictation Belt 4A, which contains additional sound recording(s) preceding this one. To hear all of the recordings on the Dictation Belt, see Digital Identifier: JFKPOF-TPH-04A, Title: Telephone Recordings: Dictation Belt 4A.
Sound recording
Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. President's Office Files.
JFKPOF-TPH-04A
Dictation Belt 4A contains two sound recordings. Item 4A.1 is a telephone conversation probably held on either September 28 or September 29, 1962, between President John F. Kennedy and Governor Ross R. Barnett of Mississippi. They discuss the University of Mississippi crisis, relevant legal obligations, and arrangements for a meeting between the Attorney General and attorney Thomas H. Watkins. The recording begins with a brief exchange between President Kennedy and [White House Operator?], followed by a delay. At times the dictation belt skips. Item 4A.2 is a telephone conversation held in September 1962 between President John F. Kennedy and Special Counsel to the President Theodore C. Sorensen. They comment on campaigning Alabama Republicans, and President Kennedy asks for thoughts on a speech about the Mississippi crisis. The recording begins in mid-conversation and ends abruptly. Machine noise follows the conversation, and then Personal Secretary Evelyn Lincoln answers the telephone.Transcript included. Each item listed above is also available individually as an excerpt derived from this full-length digitized recording. See Related Records for more information.
Sound recording
Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. President's Office Files.
JFKPOF-TPH-10A-4
Sound recording of a telephone conversation held on March 6, 1963, between President John F. Kennedy and Richard M. Helms. They discuss a report on Arkansas and Alabama National Guard personnel involved in the Bay of Pigs invasion.[White House Operator?] places the call at President Kennedy’s request. Machine noise follows the conversation.
Transcript included. This sound recording was originally recorded on Dictation Belt 10A, which contains additional sound recording(s) preceding and following this one. To hear all of the recordings on the Dictation Belt, see Digital Identifier: JFKPOF-TPH-10A, Title: Telephone recordings: Dictation Belt 10A.
Sound recording
Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. President's Office Files.
JFKPOF-TPH-10A-3
Sound recording of a telephone conversation held on March 6, 1963, between President John F. Kennedy and Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs McGeorge Bundy. They discuss a report on Arkansas and Alabama National Guard personnel involved in the Bay of Pigs invasion.Transcript included. This sound recording was originally recorded on Dictation Belt 10A, which contains additional sound recording(s) preceding this one. To hear all of the recordings on the Dictation Belt, see Digital Identifier: JFKPOF-TPH-10A, Title: Telephone recordings: Dictation Belt 10A.
Sound recording
Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. President's Office Files.
JFKPOF-TPH-10A
Dictation Belt 10A contains seven sound recordings from March 6, 1963. The recording of the conversation in item 10A.1 begins on Dictation Belt 9B.8. Item 10A.1 is part of a telephone conversation between Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy and Personal Secretary Evelyn Lincoln. Attorney General Kennedy completes his request to speak to President John F. Kennedy. Item 10A.2 is a telephone conversation President John F. Kennedy and Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs McGeorge Bundy. They discuss a report that Arkansas National Guard personnel were involved in the Bay of Pigs invasion. The recording begins in mid-conversation. Item 10A.3 is a telephone conversation between President John F. Kennedy and Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs McGeorge Bundy. They discuss a report on Arkansas and Alabama National Guard personnel involved in the Bay of Pigs invasion. Item 10A.4 is a telephone conversation between President John F. Kennedy and Richard M. Helms. They discuss a report on Arkansas and Alabama National Guard personnel involved in the Bay of Pigs invasion. [White House Operator?] places the call at President Kennedy’s request. Machine noise follows the conversation. Item 10A.5 is a telephone conversation between President John F. Kennedy and Lawrence F. O'Brien, Special Assistant to the President. They discuss a strategy for dealing with Congressional concern over subversion in Latin America. They also review a matter related to the Bay of Pigs invasion. [White House Operator?] speaks at the beginning of the call. Item 10A.6 is a telephone conversation between President John F. Kennedy and Clark M. Clifford. They discuss the impending publication of a “Washington Post” article about the Communications Satellite Corporation. The recording begins in mid-conversation. Item 10A.7 is part of a telephone conversation between President John F. Kennedy and Deputy Attorney General Nicholas deB. Katzenbach. They discuss issues involving the Communications Satellite Corporation. The recording of this conversation ends abruptly and continues on Dictation Belt 10B.Transcript included. Each item listed above is also available individually as an excerpt derived from this full-length digitized recording. See Related Records for more information.
Oral history
Robert F. Kennedy Oral History Collection
RFKOH-JRR-02
This interview focuses on the transition period to the Kennedy Administration post-election, Robert F. Kennedy’s [RFK] priorities as attorney general, and the Justice Department’s involvement with the March on Washington in 1963, among other issues.
Sound recording
White House Audio Collection
JFKWHA-187-001
Sound recording of President John F. Kennedy’s remarks at the 30th anniversary celebration of the Tennessee Valley Authority in Muscle Shoals, Alabama. In his speech the President discusses the corporation's history, its impact on economic growth both within the region and nationally, and its enduring importance.
Textual folder
Lawrence F. O'Brien Personal Papers
LOBPP-004-002
Textual folder
Lawrence F. O'Brien Personal Papers
LOBPP-004-001
Textual folder
Jacob "Jack" Rosenthal Personal Papers
JRPP-001-003
Photograph folder
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-1963-06-11-D
AR38, ST25
Photograph folder
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-1963-09-23-E
AR40
Photograph folder
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-1963-05-18-C
ST24
Photograph folder
White House Photographs
JFKWHP-1963-05-14-C
AR36